High altitude adaptation and phylogenetic analysis of Tibetan horse based on the mitochondrian genome
High altitude adaptation and phylogenetic analysis of Tibetan horse based on the mitochondrian genome
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DOI：
10.1016/s1673-8527(07)60081-2
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Zheng, Xiaoguang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu, Shuqing;Luosang, Jiangbai;Zheng, Xiaoguang
为探讨青藏高原动物高原适应性的遗传机制，对生活在西藏那曲（海拔4,500 m）、云南中甸（海拔3,300 m）和德钦（海拔3,100 m）的3匹藏马的线粒体基因组（mt-genome）进行了测序。这三个mt基因组的结构和长度与济州马相似，济州马与西藏马有关，但略短于瑞典马。这三匹马在核苷酸水平上的配对同源性大于99.3%。在对西藏马线粒体蛋白编码基因进行分析时，我们发现NADH 6在三种西藏马中都有较高的非同义突变率。这表明NADH 6可能在藏马高原适应中起作用。NADH 6是呼吸链中复合物I的亚基之一。此外，还对7个不同地区藏马的D-loop序列进行了测序，构建了藏马的系统发育树，以研究藏马的起源和进化历史。结果表明，藏马群体间遗传多样性较高。那曲藏马聚为一个分支，中甸藏马和德钦藏马聚为其它分支。本研究首次从分子水平证明了藏马可能具有多个起源。
To investigate genetic mechanisms of high altitude adaptations of animals living in the Tibetan Plateau, three mitochondrial genomes (mt-genome) of Tibetan horses living in Naqu (4,500 m) of Tibetan, Zhongdian (3,300 m) and Deqin (3,100 m) of Yunnan province were sequenced. The structures and lengths of these three mt-genomes are similar to the Cheju horse, which is related to Tibetan horses, but little shorter than the Swedish horse. The pair-wise identity of these three horses on nucleotide level is more than 99.3%. When the gene encoding the mitochondrial protein of Tibetan horses was analyzed, we found that NADH6 has higher non-synonymous mutation rate in all of three Tibetan horses. This implies that NADH6 may play a role in Tibetan horses' high altitude adaptation. NADH6 is one of the subunits of the complex I in the respiratory chain. Furthermore, 7 D-loop sequences of Tibetan horse from different areas were sequenced, and the phylogeny tree was constructed to study the origin and evolutionary history of Tibetan horses. The result showed that the genetic diverse was high among Tibetan horses. All of Tibetan horses from Naqu were clustered into one clade, and Tibetan horses from Zhongdian and Deqin were clustered into others clades. The first molecular evidence of Tibetan horses indicated in this study is that Tibetan horse population might have multiple origins.