Ecoepidemiology and Complete Genome Comparison of Different Strains of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Rhinolophus Bat Coronavirus in China Reveal Bats as a Reservoir for Acute, Self-Limiting Infection That Allows Recombination Events
Ecoepidemiology and Complete Genome Comparison of Different Strains of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Related Rhinolophus Bat Coronavirus in China Reveal Bats as a Reservoir for Acute, Self-Limiting Infection That Allows Recombination Events
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.02219-09
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Yuen, Kwok-Yung
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lau, Susanna K. P.;Li, Kenneth S. M.;Yuen, Kwok-Yung
尽管在中国菊头蝠中鉴定出严重急性呼吸综合征相关冠状病毒（SARSr-CoV）（SARSr-Rh-BatCoV），但SARSr-CoV的进化和可能的重组起源仍未确定。本研究首次对中国蹄蝠的迁移模式和SARSr-Rh-BatCoV基因组流行病学进行了为期4年的研究。在中国香港和广东的1，401只中国蹄蝠中，有130只（9.3%）蝙蝠的食物样本中检测到SARSr-Rh-BatCoV，春季活动高峰。对511只蝙蝠进行的标记练习显示，迁移距离为1.86至17公里。携带SARSr-Rh-BatCoV的蝙蝠看起来很健康，病毒清除发生在2周至4个月之间。然而，在SARSr-Rh-BatCoV阳性的蝙蝠中观察到较低的体重，而不是Rh-BatCoV HKU 2。10株SARSrRh-BatCoV全基因组测序结果显示，不同毒株之间存在频繁的重组。此外，在果子狸SARS-CoV SZ 3的可能世代中，中国广西SARS-Rh-BatCoV Rp 3与中国湖北的Rf 1之间存在重组，在nsp 16/spike区域存在一个断裂点。分子钟分析表明，SARS-CoV是新出现的病毒，最近共同祖先（tMRCA）的时间为1972年，1995年在果子狸和蝙蝠株之间出现分歧。目前的数据表明，SARSr-Rh-BatCoV引起急性，自限性感染的马蹄蝙蝠，这作为一个水库之间的重组菌株从不同的地理位置在可达的觅食范围。果子狸SARSr-CoV很可能是由SARSr-Rh-BatCoV Rp 3和Rf 1密切相关的SARSr-CoV毒株产生的重组病毒。这种频繁的重组，加上快速进化，特别是在ORF 7 b/ORF 8区域，在这些动物中可能是解释了SARS的跨物种传播和出现。
Despite the identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV) in Rhinolophus Chinese horseshoe bats (SARSr-Rh-BatCoV) in China, the evolutionary and possible recombination origin of SARSr-CoV remains undetermined. We carried out the first study to investigate the migration pattern and SARSr-Rh-BatCoV genome epidemiology in Chinese horseshoe bats during a 4-year period. Of 1,401 Chinese horseshoe bats from Hong Kong and Guangdong, China, that were sampled, SARSr-Rh-BatCoV was detected in alimentary specimens from 130 (9.3%) bats, with peak activity during spring. A tagging exercise of 511 bats showed migration distances from 1.86 to 17 km. Bats carrying SARSr-Rh-BatCoV appeared healthy, with viral clearance occurring between 2 weeks and 4 months. However, lower body weights were observed in bats positive for SARSr-Rh-BatCoV, but not Rh-BatCoV HKU2. Complete genome sequencing of 10 SARSrRh-BatCoV strains showed frequent recombination between different strains. Moreover, recombination was detected between SARSr-Rh-BatCoV Rp3 from Guangxi, China, and Rf1 from Hubei, China, in the possible generation of civet SARSr-CoV SZ3, with a breakpoint at the nsp16/spike region. Molecular clock analysis showed that SARSr-CoVs were newly emerged viruses with the time of the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) at 1972, which diverged between civet and bat strains in 1995. The present data suggest that SARSr-Rh-BatCoV causes acute, self-limiting infection in horseshoe bats, which serve as a reservoir for recombination between strains from different geographical locations within reachable foraging range. Civet SARSr-CoV is likely a recombinant virus arising from SARSr-CoV strains closely related to SARSr-Rh-BatCoV Rp3 and Rf1. Such frequent recombination, coupled with rapid evolution especially in ORF7b/ORF8 region, in these animals may have accounted for the cross-species transmission and emergence of SARS.