Simulation and optimization modeling for drive-through mass vaccination - A generalized approach
Simulation and optimization modeling for drive-through mass vaccination - A generalized approach
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.simpat.2013.06.004
复制
发表时间：
2013-09-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Heragu, Sunderesh S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gupta, Aman;Evans, Gerald W.;Heragu, Sunderesh S.
在大流行爆发之初，适当规划和执行大规模疫苗接种对当地卫生部门至关重要。大规模疫苗接种诊所需要建立和运行，以应对自然发生的大流行疫情，甚至应对恐怖袭击，例如，炭疽袭击无需预约的诊所经常被用来接种疫苗。当大部分人口必须接种疫苗以减轻攻击或流行病的不良影响时，免下车诊所似乎更有效，因为与免下车诊所相比，可以实现更高的吞吐量。还有其他好处。例如，由于受感染的患者不会接触未受感染的患者，因此可以最大限度地减少疾病的传播。这项研究扩展了2009年11月路易斯维尔市大规模疫苗接种免下车诊所的模拟建模工作。该诊所是有史以来最大的诊所之一，为19，000多名患者提供服务，其中超过三分之二通过十条车道。本文中的模型的目的是说明一个通用的工具，可以定制为任何规模的社区。模拟优化工具将允许决策者同时调查几个相互作用的控制变量;可以调查几个标准模型中的任何一个，其中各种性能指标被优化或约束。该模型有助于决策者确定所需的分发点（POD）通道数量、分发和填写同意书通道的数量和长度、分发同意书站和POD所需的工作人员以及系统中的平均用户等待时间。(c)2013爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Proper planning and execution of mass vaccination at the onset of a pandemic outbreak is important for local health departments. Mass vaccination clinics are required to be setup and run for naturally occurring pandemic outbreaks or even in response to terrorist attacks, e.g., anthrax attack. Walk-in clinics have often been used to administer vaccines. When a large percentage of a population must be vaccinated to mitigate the ill-effects of an attack or pandemic, drive-through clinics appear to be more effective because a much higher throughput can be achieved when compared to walk-in clinics. There are other benefits as well. For example, the spread of the disease can be minimized because infected patients are not exposed to uninfected patients. This research extends the simulation modeling work that was done for a mass vaccination drive-through clinic in the city of Louisville in November 2009. This clinic is one of the largest clinics ever set up with more than 19,000 patients served, over two-thirds via ten drive-through lanes. The intent of the model in this paper is to illustrate a general tool that can be customized for a community of any size. The simulation-optimization tool will allow decision makers to investigate several interacting control variables in a simultaneous fashion; any of several criterion models in which various performance measures are either optimized or constrained, can be investigated. The model helps the decision maker determine the required number of Points of Dispense (POD) lanes, number and length of the lanes for consent hand outs and fill in, staff needed at the consent handout stations and PODs, and average user waiting time in the system. (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.