Principle analysis and method improvement on cost calculation in watershed ecological compensation
Principle analysis and method improvement on cost calculation in watershed ecological compensation
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作者：
Dai Fangzhou
基于边际分析方法，探讨了流域生态系统服务供需平衡条件，证明了生态补偿标准的下限为直接成本与机会成本之和，理论上如果补偿标准低于这一下限，生态补偿不能达到激励生态保护和环境保护行为的目的，基于以上分析，总结了目前流域生态补偿中直接成本和机会成本的核算范围和计算方法，分析了存在的问题，提出了流域生态补偿中直接成本的一般计算框架和方法，并建立了基于分类的机会成本核算方法，以提高流域生态补偿标准确定的准确性、科学性和可接受性。
The equilibrium condition between supply and demand of ecosystem services in a watershed was discussed in the paper based on the marginal analysis.It was proved that the lower limit of ecological compensation standard is the sum of direct cost and opportunity cost.Theoretically if the compensation standard less than this limit,ecological compensation could not achieve the purpose to encourage the action of ecological conservation and environmental protection.Based on analysis above,current accounting scope and calculation method of direct cost and opportunity cost in watershed ecological compensation were summarized and the existing problems were analyzed.The common calculation framework and method of direct cost was put forward.Moreover,a classification-based method to account opportunity cost was set up to improve the accuracy,scientificity and acceptability in determination of watershed ecological compensation standard.