Deformed Wing Virus Implicated in Overwintering Honeybee Colony Losses
Deformed Wing Virus Implicated in Overwintering Honeybee Colony Losses
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.02227-09
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发表时间：
2009-11-15
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Schroeder, Declan C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Highfield, Andrea C.;El Nagar, Aliya;Schroeder, Declan C.
在过去的50年里，世界范围内蜂群数量的下降往往与寄生螨狄斯瓦螨的传播及其与某些蜜蜂病毒的相互作用有关。最近在美国，有报道称蜜蜂大量死亡（蜂群衰竭失调症）;然而，这些蜂群死亡的原因仍然没有明确的解释，寄生螨、病毒、细菌和真菌疾病都被认为是可能的候选者。大多数失败的殖民地共有的共同特征是缺乏明显的疾病症状和工人从似乎正常运作的殖民地消失。在这项研究中，我们使用定量PCR来监测存在的三种蜜蜂病毒，变形翅病毒（DWV），急性蜜蜂麻痹病毒（ABPV），黑蜂王细胞病毒（BQCV），在1年期间，在15个无症状，瓦螨阳性的蜜蜂殖民地在英格兰南部，和3个无症状的殖民地被证实是瓦螨免费。所有带有瓦螨的菌落均接受对照处理，以确保螨种群在整个研究期间保持较低水平。尽管如此，检测到多种病毒感染，但只有DWV病毒载量和越冬菌落损失之间存在显著相关性。长期以来的观点是，DWV是相对无害的整体健康状况的蜂群，除非它与严重的瓦螨侵扰。我们的研究结果表明，DWV可以潜在地独立于瓦螨的行为，带来殖民地的损失。因此，DWV可能是越冬群体损失的主要因素。
The worldwide decline in honeybee colonies during the past 50 years has often been linked to the spread of the parasitic mite Varroa destructor and its interaction with certain honeybee viruses. Recently in the United States, dramatic honeybee losses (colony collapse disorder) have been reported; however, there remains no clear explanation for these colony losses, with parasitic mites, viruses, bacteria, and fungal diseases all being proposed as possible candidates. Common characteristics that most failing colonies share is a lack of overt disease symptoms and the disappearance of workers from what appears to be normally functioning colonies. In this study, we used quantitative PCR to monitor the presence of three honeybee viruses, deformed wing virus (DWV), acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV), and black queen cell virus (BQCV), during a 1-year period in 15 asymptomatic, varroa mite-positive honeybee colonies in Southern England, and 3 asymptomatic colonies confirmed to be varroa mite free. All colonies with varroa mites underwent control treatments to ensure that mite populations remained low throughout the study. Despite this, multiple virus infections were detected, yet a significant correlation was observed only between DWV viral load and overwintering colony losses. The long-held view has been that DWV is relatively harmless to the overall health status of honeybee colonies unless it is in association with severe varroa mite infestations. Our findings suggest that DWV can potentially act independently of varroa mites to bring about colony losses. Therefore, DWV may be a major factor in overwintering colony losses.