Do lamellipodia have the mechanical capacity to drive convergent extension?
Do lamellipodia have the mechanical capacity to drive convergent extension?
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DOI：
10.1387/ijdb.052040gb
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发表时间：
2006-01-01
影响因子：
0.7
通讯作者：
Brodland, GW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brodland, GW
会聚延伸（CE），与胚胎中几个重要的形态发生运动相关的运动学基序，需要在一个平面内方向上组织变窄，在另一个方向上组织伸长。虽然伴随这一过程的细胞伸长和插入已经被研究，相关的基因和生化途径已经在多种生物中被研究，但一个尚未回答的基本问题是“被认为驱动这些运动的片状伪足实际上是否具有这样做的机械能力？“在这里，我们使用最先进的计算模型来解决这个问题和一些相关问题，该模型可以复制细胞运动，细胞形状和组织变形的变化。该模型是基于陈和Brodland的细胞级有限元方法，但有额外的功能，使其能够模拟板状体的形成和收缩。在CE研究中，计算模型为分子方法提供了重要的补充，因为它们揭示了基因产物最终必须通过的“机械途径”，以产生物理运动。该模型表明，板状伪足可以驱动CE，他们这样做是通过细胞插入和细长的细胞特征CE出现时，只有相邻组织抵抗收敛，我们证实实验的结果。
Convergent extension (CE), a kinematic motif associated with several important morphogenetic movements in embryos, entails narrowing of a tissue in one in-plane direction and elongation in the other. Although the cell elongation and intercalation which accompany this process have been investigated and relevant genes and biochemical pathways have been studied in multiple organisms, a fundamental question that has not yet been answered is "Do the lamellipodia thought to drive these motions actually have the mechanical capacity to do so?" Here, we address this and a number of related issues using a state-of-the-art computational model which can replicate cell motions, changes in cell shape and tissue deformations. The model is based on the cell-level finite element approach of Chen and Brodland, but has additional features which allow it to model lamellipodium formation and contraction. In studying CE, computational models provide an important complement to molecular approaches because they reveal the "mechanical pathways" through which gene products must ultimately act in order to produce physical movements. The model shows that lamellipodia can drive CE, that they do so through cell intercalations and that the elongated cells characteristic of CE arise only when adjacent tissues resist convergence, a result which we confirm experimentally.