Human-induced water turbidity alters selection on sexual displays in sticklebacks
Human-induced water turbidity alters selection on sexual displays in sticklebacks
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arl097
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发表时间：
2007-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Candolin, Ulrika
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Engstrom-Ost, Jonna;Candolin, Ulrika
人类活动造成的环境变化越来越普遍。水生环境中的一个严重问题是由于浮游植物藻类生长而增加的水浊度。这可能会影响鱼类的繁殖系统，特别是那些以视觉为基础的交配系统。在这里，我们表明，增加浊度影响性选择的threespine刺鱼（Gasterosteus aculeatus）通过受损的可能性，基于视觉的配偶选择。在一个实验室的配偶偏好和配偶选择实验从波罗的海，这是一个地区遭受增加浑浊，由于人类活动的刺鱼，我们发现，女性花更多的时间，更经常访问男性在清水比男性在浑浊的水。浊水中的雄性，要想获得和清水中雄性一样多的雌性好感，需要献殷勤的次数要多得多。因此，浑浊的水诱导选择更高的求偶活动。然而，最终产卵的女性决定不依赖于水的浊度，这表明，非视觉线索决定了最终的产卵决定。由于视觉线索在配偶吸引中很重要，增加的浑浊度会影响一种重要的进化力量，即性选择，这可能会对性表现和偏好的进化产生进一步的影响。因此，视觉条件的差异可能是导致棘鱼种群在使用性信号方面存在差异的一个因素。
Changes in the environment due to human activities are becoming increasingly common. A serious problem in aquatic environments is increased water turbidity due to phytoplankton algal growth. This may affect the breeding system of fishes, especially those with a visually based mating system. Here we show that increased turbidity affects sexual selection in the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) through impaired possibility for visually based mate choice. In a laboratory mate preference and mate choice experiment on sticklebacks from the Baltic Sea, which is an area suffering from increased turbidity due to human activities, we found that females spent more time with and visited more often males in clear water than males in turbid water. For males in turbid water to receive the same amount of interest from females as males in clear water, they needed to court significantly more. Thus, turbid water induced selection for higher courtship activity. However, the final spawning decision of the females did not depend on water turbidity, which suggests that nonvisual cues determined the final spawning decision. Because visual cues are important in mate attraction, increased turbidity affects an important evolutionary force, sexual selection, which may have further consequences for the evolution of the sexual displays and preferences. Differences in visual conditions could hence be one factor that has lead to differences among stickleback population in the use of sexual signals.