Laboratory experiments on the weathering of iron meteorites and carbonaceous chondrites by iron-oxidizing bacteria
Laboratory experiments on the weathering of iron meteorites and carbonaceous chondrites by iron-oxidizing bacteria
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1945-5100.2009.tb00731.x
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Cockell, Charles S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gronstal, Aaron;Pearson, Victoria;Cockell, Charles S.
通过间歇培养实验，研究了铁氧化细菌对陨石材料的风化作用。好氧、嗜酸性铁氧化剂(A。亚铁氧化菌)能够氧化碳质球粒陨石(Murchison和冷博克维尔德)和铁陨石(York和Casas Grand)中的铁。初步的铁同位素结果清楚地表明，在有细菌和没有细菌的氧化过程中，铁的路径截然不同，这表明在陨石风化过程中的生物作用可以从同位素上区分开来。在pH中性条件下生长的厌氧氧化铁菌从铁陨石中氧化铁。这些结果表明，在有氧和无氧环境中，都可以发生生物介导的外星人物质的快速变化。这些结果还表明，在有氧和无氧条件下，铁可以作为来自铁和碳质球粒陨石的微生物的能量来源，这对地球早期的生命和利用微生物从小行星物质中提取矿物的可能性有影响。
Batch Culture experiments were performed to investigate the weathering of meteoritic material by iron-oxidizing bacteria. The aerobic, acidophilic iron oxidizer (A. ferrooxidans) was capable of oxidizing iron from both carbonaceous chondrites (Murchison and Cold Bokkeveld) and iron meteorites (York and Casas Grandes). Preliminary iron isotope results clearly show contrasted iron pathways during oxidation with and without bacteria suggesting that a biological role in meteorite weathering could be distinguished isotopically. Anaerobic iron-oxidizers growing under pH-neutral conditions oxidized iron from iron meteorites. These results show that rapid biologically-mediated alteration of extraterrestrial materials can occur in both aerobic and anaerobic environments. These results also demonstrate that iron can act as a source of energy for microorganisms from both iron and carbonaceous chondrites in aerobic and anaerobic conditions with implications for life on the early Earth and the possible use of microorganisms to extract minerals from asteroidal material.