Optimizing irrigation management for wheat to reduce groundwater depletion in the piedmont region of the Taihang Mountains in the North China Plain
Optimizing irrigation management for wheat to reduce groundwater depletion in the piedmont region of the Taihang Mountains in the North China Plain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.agwat.2005.07.020
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发表时间：
2006-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yh Yang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yh Yang
华北平原北方太行山皮埃蒙特地区由于农业灌溉引起的地下水资源的快速枯竭，使该地区的可持续用水面临严重危机。为了限制农业用水，必须发展节水农业做法。为了在不显著降低小麦产量的前提下，寻找一种有效的小麦生长期节水方法，对DSSAT-小麦模型进行了标定、验证和模拟。模拟结果表明：（1）由于小麦叶面积指数（LAI）的适度低增长并不导致低产量，因此3月份适度缺水可以节省水分，因此，目标应该是避免在3月份灌溉。(2)根据土壤水分状况，建议在11月中旬进行灌溉，以获得良好的LAI增长，并为3月份的水分胁迫创造适度的条件。(3)在穗开始生长后（4月15日左右），应避免缺水，以确保穗生长和籽粒灌浆不受影响。12年的模拟结果表明，按上述3个原则灌溉，可节约蒸散量76 mm，节约灌溉水量99.5mm，而冬小麦产量没有大的损失（仅为4.5%）。这足以使地下水下降0.42 ma − 1，并将水利用效率从1.27 kgm − 3提高到1.45 kgm −3。
Sustainable water use in the piedmont region of the Taihang Mountains in the northern part of the North China Plain (NCP) is under serious crisis due to the rapid depletion of groundwater caused mainly by pumping for agricultural irrigation. The development of water-conserving agricultural practices is essential in order to limit agricultural water use. To find an effective way to save water in the wheat-growing season without markedly reducing wheat yield, DSSAT-wheat was calibrated, validated and used to simulate water use by winter wheat. The simulations suggest: (1) since a moderately low growth in the leaf area index (LAI) of wheat does not result in low yield, moderate water deficits in March can save water, and therefore, the aim should be to avoid irrigation in March. (2) Depending on the soil water condition, irrigation in mid November is recommended to obtain a good growth of LAI and to create a moderate condition for water stress in March. (3) After the start of the growth of the ears (around 15 April), water deficits should be avoided so as to ensure there is no influence on ear growth and grain filling. Simulation of a 12-year period showed that when irrigation practice follows the above three principles, 76mm of evapotranspiration and 99.5mm irrigation water can be saved without much reduction in the yield of winter wheat (only 4.5%). This is sufficient to decrease the drawdown of groundwater by 0.42ma−1and to improve water use efficiency from 1.27 to 1.45kgm−3.