Cascading rupture of a megathrust.

Cascading rupture of a megathrust.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abm4131
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发表时间:
2022-05-06
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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了解沿俯冲边缘的大地震的大小和位置的变化对于评估地震和海啸的危害至关重要。我们提出了2021年Chignik M8.2地震的同震滑动模型,并研究了这次地震与阿拉斯加半岛地区以前的主要事件以及地震间耦合的关系。2020年7.8级Simeonof地震的应力变化引发了Chignik地震,这些地震一起部分填满了3000公里俯冲边缘的未破裂部分,在过去的一个世纪里,该俯冲边缘几乎整个长度都经历了一系列破裂。耦合和构造特征的变化可能使该地区更容易发生M7至M8级的成核事件,而不是更大的m> - 8.5级地震。应力变化和破裂区域表明,最近的两次地震可能是80年破裂级联的一部分,可能在该地区具有超前的地震危险。最近发生在阿拉斯加的两次地震可能是沿巨型逆冲断层长期存在的地震序列的一部分。
Understanding variability in the size and location of large earthquakes along subduction margins is crucial for evaluating seismic and tsunami hazards. We present a coseismic slip model for the 2021 M8.2 Chignik earthquake and investigate the relationship of this earthquake to previous major events in the Alaska Peninsula region and to interseismic coupling. Stress changes from the 2020 M7.8 Simeonof event triggered the Chignik event, and together, the earthquakes partially filled an unruptured section along a 3000-km subduction margin that has experienced a series of ruptures along almost its entire length over the past century. Variations in coupling and structural characteristics may make the region more prone to nucleating M7 to M8 events rather than larger M > 8.5 earthquakes. Stress changes and rupture areas suggest that the two recent earthquakes may be part of an 80-year-long rupture cascade and may have advanced seismic hazard in the region. Two recent earthquakes in Alaska may be part of a long-lived sequence along the megathrust.
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