Regulation of melanization of tobacco hornworm larval cuticle in vitro.

Regulation of melanization of tobacco hornworm larval cuticle in vitro.
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烟草天蛾幼虫角质层黑化的体外调节。

DOI:
10.1002/jez.1402300308
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发表时间:
1984
期刊:
The Journal of experimental zoology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Riddiford,LM
Riddiford,LM
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hiruma,K;Riddiford,LM

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当烟草天牛幼虫(Manduca Sexta)在蜕皮的头壳滑移到第五龄(末龄)之前5-6小时被切除异体时,新的角质层在蜕皮前3小时变黑。在黑化开始前7到3小时的外植体移植后,发现只有在去除β-丙氨酸的情况下,新的角质层在体外才会在格雷斯的培养液中变黑。当在黑化开始时解释,β-丙氨酸的存在对黑化没有影响。多巴或多巴胺的添加被发现对于在黑化开始之前移出的碎片的完全黑化是必要的,其中0.3 mM的多巴或多巴胺是最佳的。这两种化合物都被结合到角质层黑色素中。在这个最佳的培养基中,黑化发生在大约9小时之后,据推测需要5到6小时的滞后期来适应这种介质。50 ng/ml20-羟基蜕皮激素能抑制黑化前7小时而不是3小时的黑化。一旦前黑色素颗粒中的酚氧化酶被激活,这种激素既不会抑制多巴进入表皮,也不会阻止角质层中的黑化。因此,20羟基蜕皮酮可能抑制黑素前颗粒中酚氧化酶的激活,或抑制多巴进入颗粒。
When tobacco hornworm larvae (Manduca sexta) are allatectomized 5–6 hr before head capsule slippage in the molt to the fifth (final) larval instar, the new cuticle melanizes 3 hr before ecdysis. After explantation between 7 and 3 hr before the onset of melanization, the new cuticle was found to melanize in vitro in Grace's medium only if β‐alanine was removed. When explanted at the onset of melanization, the presence of β‐alanine had no effect on melanization. The addition of either dopa or dopamine was found to be necessary for complete melanization of pieces explanted before the onset of melanization with 0.3 mM of either dopa or dopamine being optimal. Both of these compounds were incorporated into the cuticular melanin. In this optimal medium, melanization occurred over about a 9‐hr period after a 5‐ to 6‐hr lag period presumably required for adjustment to the medium. Fifty ng/ml 20hydroxyecdysone was found to inhibit melanization of pieces explanted 7 hr but not 3 hr before melanization. The hormone neither inhibited uptake of dopa into the epidermis nor prevented melanization in the cuticle once the prophenoloxidase in the premelanin granules was activated. Therefore, 20hydroxyecdysone may inhibit the activation of the phenoloxidase in the premelanin granules, or may inhibit the incorporation of dopa into the granules.
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