Changes of climate, glaciers and runoff in China's monsoonal temperate glacier region during the last several decades
Changes of climate, glaciers and runoff in China's monsoonal temperate glacier region during the last several decades
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DOI：
10.1016/j.quaint.2009.05.010
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发表时间：
2010-05-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Xin Huijuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Zongxing;He Yuanqing;Xin Huijuan
研究了中国季风温带冰川区近几十年来气候、冰川和径流的变化。在过去几十年中，气温波动上升，自1980年代以来，气温上升加快。20世纪70年代末至80年代中期，尤其是90年代以后，中国季风温带冰川区大索普冰芯的净积累量持续下降，降水量也明显减少。作为对气候变化的响应，8个季风温带冰川在20世纪00 - 30年代和60 - 80年代之间处于静止或前进状态，在30 - 60年代和80年代至今处于退缩状态。海螺沟冰川1990/91-1997/98年的平均消融水当量比1982/83年增加了876 mm。在1983/84年至1990/91年期间，裸露冰区的消融深度增加了1.4 m a（-1）。质量平衡记录还显示，冰川遭受了持续的冰雪质量损失，海螺沟流域和白水1号冰川的累积质量平衡在过去45年为-10.83 m水当量，在过去52年为-11.38 m水当量。随着冰川在气候变暖背景下变短、变窄、变薄，冰川内部和上表面形态也发生了变化，为近年来对气候变暖的响应提供了证据。当地水文和气候资料表明，1979-2003年杨公流域和1988-2004年海螺沟流域冰川区径流呈季节性和年际增加趋势。总体来看，在气候变暖的背景下，中国季风温带冰川明显正在质量流失和退缩。(C)2009 Elsevier Ltd和INQUA。All rights reserved.
Changes of climate, glaciers and runoff during the last several decades in China's monsoonal temperate glacier region have been studied. Temperature has increased in a fluctuating manner during the last several decades, and temperature rise has accelerated since the 1980s. Net accumulation of Dasuopu ice core has consistently declined, and the precipitation decrease was also obvious from the end of 1970s through the middle 1980s, and particularly after the 1990s in China's monsoonal temperate glacier region. As a response to climate change, eight monsoonal temperate glaciers were stationary or advancing between the 1900s-1930s and the 1960s-1980s, and were in retreat from the 1930s to the 1960s and from the 1980s to the present. Ablation is heavy in the glacier tongue areas, and the mean ablation water equivalent in Hailuogou glacier during 1990/91-1997/98 was 876 mm more than that in 1982/83. Ablation depth on the exposed ice area increased by 1.4 m a(-1) over the period 1983/84-1990/91. Mass balance records also show that glaciers suffered a constant mass loss of snow and ice, and the accumulated mass balance in Hailuogou basin and Baishui glacier No.1 was -10.83 m water equivalent in the past 45 years, and -11.38 m in the past 52 years. As glaciers become shorter, narrower and thinner under the background of climate warming, changes of internal and upper surface morphology also occurred, providing evidence of the response to climatic warming in recent years. Local hydrological and climatic data demonstrated that, in Yanggong basin during 1979-2003 and Hailuogou basin during 1988-2004, runoff from the glacier areas has been increasing both seasonally and annually. Overall, it is clear that China's monsoonal temperate glaciers are losing mass and are retreating under the background of climate warming. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.