Tularemia outbreak investigation in Kosovo: Case control and environmental studies
Tularemia outbreak investigation in Kosovo: Case control and environmental studies
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DOI：
10.3201/eid0801.010131
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Humolli, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reintjes, R;Dedushaj, I;Humolli, I
战后初期，即1999-2000年，科索沃爆发了大规模兔热病疫情。进行了流行病学和环境调查，以确定感染源、传播方式和家庭危险因素。通过酶联免疫吸附测定、蛋白质印迹和微量凝集测定验证病例和对照状态。科索沃 29 个市镇中的 21 个市镇共发现 327 例血清学确诊的土拉菌性咽炎和颈部淋巴结炎病例。对46户病例户和76户对照户的匹配分析表明，感染是通过受污染的食物或水传播的，传染源是啮齿类动物。饱受战争蹂躏的科索沃的环境状况导致了流行的啮齿动物土拉热病，并蔓延到居住在住房、卫生和卫生条件不合格的农村人口中。
A large outbreak of tularemia occurred in Kosovo in the early postwar period, 1999-2000. Epidemiologic and environmental investigations were conducted to identify sources of infection, modes of transmission, and household risk factors. Case and control status was verified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot, and microagglutination assay. A total of 327 serologically confirmed cases of tularemia pharyngitis and cervical lymphadenitis were identified in 21 of 29 Kosovo municipalities. Matched analysis of 46 case households and 76 control households suggested that infection was transmitted through contaminated food or water and that the source of infection was rodents. Environmental circumstances in war-torn Kosovo led to epizootic rodent tularemia and its spread to resettled rural populations living under circumstances of substandard housing, hygiene, and sanitation.