THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI TO THE DETERMINATION OF PLANT COMMUNITY STRUCTURE
THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI TO THE DETERMINATION OF PLANT COMMUNITY STRUCTURE
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00000091
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发表时间：
1994-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
READ, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FRANCIS, R;READ, DJ
虽然它现在被广泛接受，甚至由生态学家，在大多数生态系统中的大多数植物被菌根真菌感染，很少有实验被设计来研究在社区水平上的互惠共生的功能。那些参与菌根研究的人在很大程度上专注于矿物质的问题，特别是磷，个别植物的营养，而植物群落生态学家往往发现它很方便，即使承认感染的存在，本报告审查了一些由植物群落生态学家撰写的开创性论文，并强调了一些“最重要的”他们揭示的惊人的奥秘。它描述了旨在确定菌根菌丝体的存在和活动的知识是否可以帮助我们解开它们所定义的“奥秘”的实验。它揭示了通过对许多“r”选择的物种的幼苗产生直接的不利影响，而同时对那些“K”选择的物种有益，如果不是必不可少的，VA真菌菌丝体的活性与群落组成有直接关系。讨论了“草坪相容性”实际上反映了植物物种与VA菌根菌丝体的相容性的程度，并考虑了菌丝体在赋予某些物种以杂草习性方面的可能作用。得出的结论是，那些试图科学地理解或管理地操纵植物群落而不认识菌根菌丝体的作用的人，这样做是危险的。建议参与菌根研究的科学家将他们的视野扩展到目前通常由考虑单个宿主植物的磷营养所限定的有限视野之外。
While it is now widely accepted, even by ecologists, that most plants in the majority of ecosystems are infected by mycorrhizal fungi, few experiments have been designed to investigate the function of the mutualism at the community level. Those involved with mycorrhizal research have been largely preoccupied with questions of the mineral, particularly phosphorus, nutrition of individual plants, while plant community ecologists have too often found it convenient, even when acknowledging the presence of infection, to ignore its possible function in the ecosystem.This presentation examines a selected number of seminal papers written by plant community ecologists and highlights some of 'the most striking mysteries' which they reveal. It describes experiments designed to determine whether knowledge of the presence and activity of the mycorrhizal mycelium can help us to unravel the 'mysteries' which they define.It is revealed that by having direct adverse effects upon seedlings of many 'r' selected species, while at the same time being beneficial, if not essential, to those that are 'K' selected, the activities of the mycelium of VA fungi have a direct bearing upon community composition. The extent to which 'turf compatibility' is actually a reflection of the compatibility of plant species with the VA mycorrhizal mycelium is discussed and the possible role of the mycelium in consigning some species to the ruderal habit is considered.It is concluded that those attempting scientifically to understand, or managerially to manipulate, plant communities, without recognizing the role of the mycorrhizal mycelium, do so at their peril, and it is recommended that scientists involved in research on mycorrhiza extend their vision beyond the limited horizons which are currently so often defined by considerations of the phosphorus nutrition of individual host plants.