An approach to alternative strategies to control avian coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis
An approach to alternative strategies to control avian coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.japr.2019.11.005
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发表时间：
2020-06-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Jha, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adhikari, P.;Kiess, A.;Jha, R.
消费者对不使用抗生素饲养的鸡的需求、立法限制和贸易机会促使家禽业中的许多整合者饲养不使用抗生素生长促进剂（agp）和离子载体的家禽。然而，随着agp和离子载体的去除，分别由艾美耳球虫和产气荚膜梭菌引起的球虫病和坏死性肠炎（NE）等肠道疾病的发病率有所增加，从而引起家禽业的关注，寻求改善鸟类健康的替代策略。球虫病和NE是肉鸡中两种主要的肠道疾病，因为它们与生产性能下降、死亡率增加、福利降低和家禽产品污染风险增加有关。坏死性肠炎通常是由球虫感染和任何引起应激、降低免疫力和扰乱肠道生态系统的因素引起的。营养缓解策略已被广泛用于减少这类肠道疾病，更注重肠道平衡健康。在家禽日粮中使用益生菌、益生元、有机酸、精油、疫苗接种和天然植物化学提取物等营养干预措施已显示出在改善肠道健康的同时减少总体疾病的潜力。更好地了解营养策略、球虫病和NE之间的关系对于在家禽生产中缺乏AGPs的情况下改善肠道健康至关重要。本综述将提供有关当前研究的信息和更新，重点关注几种营养策略，这些策略通过调节性能和肠道健康方面来帮助减轻球虫病和NE。
Consumer demands for chickens raised without the use of antibiotics, legislative restrictions, and trade opportunities have encouraged many integrators within the poultry industry to raise poultry without antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) and ionophores. However, with the removal of AGPs and ionophores, the incidence of enteric diseases such as coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by Eimeria spp. and Clostridium perfringens, respectively, have increased, thereby gaining the attention of the poultry industry to look for alternative strategies to improve bird's health. Coccidiosis and NE are 2 major enteric disease concerns in broilers because of their association with decreased performance, increased mortality, reduced welfare, and a higher risk of poultry product contamination. Necrotic enteritis is often induced after a coccidiosis infection and any factor that causes stress, reduces immunity, and disturbs intestinal ecosystem. Nutritional mitigation strategies have been widely used to reduce such enteric diseases with a greater focus on balanced gut health. Some of the nutritional interventions that have shown potential for improving gut health while reducing overall disease include the use of probiotics, prebiotics, organic acids, essential oils, vaccination, and natural phytochemical extracts in poultry diets. A better understanding of the relationship between nutritional strategies, coccidiosis, and NE is crucial to improve gut health in the absence of AGPs in poultry production. This review will provide information and updates pertaining to current research focusing on several nutritional strategies that have helped to alleviate coccidiosis and NE, by modulating performance and gut health aspects.