Pathogenic Effect of TP73 Gene Variants in People With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Pathogenic Effect of TP73 Gene Variants in People With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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DOI:
10.1212/wnl.0000000000012285
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发表时间:
2021-07-20
期刊:
影响因子:
9.9
通讯作者:
Jorde, Lynn B.
Jorde, Lynn B.
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Russell, Kristi L.;Downie, Jonathan M.;Jorde, Lynn B.

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目的 为了确定肌萎缩侧索硬化症 (ALS) 的新疾病相关位点,我们使用测序数据并进行体外和体内实验来证明 TP73 中鉴定的突变的致病性。方法 我们分析了 87 名散发性 ALS 患者和 324 名对照者的外显子组序列,并在超过 2,800 名患者的独立 ALS 队列中进行了验证性测序。对于最热门的 TP73,它是细胞凋亡和分化的调节剂,也是肿瘤抑制基因 TP53 的结合伴侣和同源物,我们使用体外和体内实验分析了突变效应。 C2C12 成肌细胞分化测定、肌管外观表征以及 p53-p73 复合物的免疫沉淀均在体外进行。在体内,我们使用针对斑马鱼 tp73 的成簇规则间隔短回文重复序列 (CRISPR)/Cas9 来分析运动神经元数量和轴突形态。结果 在我们的散发性 ALS 队列中发现了 TP73 中的四个杂合的罕见非同义突变。在独立的 ALS 队列中,我们在 TP73 中发现了另外 19 个罕见的有害变异。患者TP73突变导致成肌细胞分化试验中分化异常和细胞凋亡增加,并伴有肌管外观异常。突变体 Delta N-p73 的免疫沉淀表明,患者突变阻碍了 Delta N-p73 结合 p53 的能力。斑马鱼中 tp73 的 CRISPR/Cas9 敲除导致运动神经元发育受损和轴突形态异常,这与 ALS 病理学一致。结论 总之,这些结果强烈表明 TP73 的变异与 ALS 风险相关,并表明细胞凋亡在 ALS 疾病病理学中的作用。
Objective To identify novel disease associated loci for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we used sequencing data and performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to demonstrate pathogenicity of mutations identified in TP73. Methods We analyzed exome sequences of 87 patients with sporadic ALS and 324 controls, with confirmatory sequencing in independent ALS cohorts of >2,800 patients. For the top hit, TP73, a regulator of apoptosis and differentiation and a binding partner and homolog of the tumor suppressor gene TP53, we assayed mutation effects using in vitro and in vivo experiments. C2C12 myoblast differentiation assays, characterization of myotube appearance, and immunoprecipitation of p53-p73 complexes were performed in vitro. In vivo, we used clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 targeting of zebrafish tp73 to assay motor neuron number and axon morphology. Results Four heterozygous rare, nonsynonymous mutations in TP73 were identified in our sporadic ALS cohort. In independent ALS cohorts, we identified an additional 19 rare, deleterious variants in TP73. Patient TP73 mutations caused abnormal differentiation and increased apoptosis in the myoblast differentiation assay, with abnormal myotube appearance. Immunoprecipitation of mutant Delta N-p73 demonstrated that patient mutations hinder the ability of Delta N-p73 to bind p53. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of tp73 in zebrafish led to impaired motor neuron development and abnormal axonal morphology, concordant with ALS pathology. Conclusion Together, these results strongly suggest that variants in TP73 correlate with risk for ALS and indicate a role for apoptosis in ALS disease pathology.