Nutritional plane and selenium supply during gestation affect yield and nutrient composition of colostrum and milk in primiparous ewes
Nutritional plane and selenium supply during gestation affect yield and nutrient composition of colostrum and milk in primiparous ewes
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2010-3394
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Caton, J. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyer, A. M.;Reed, J. J.;Caton, J. S.
目的是研究妊娠期营养平面和硒供应对一胎母羊初乳和乳产量及营养成分的影响。选取84只朗布依埃母羊（n = 84，年龄= 240 +/- 17日龄，体重= 52.1 +/- 6.2 kg），按2 × 3因子组合分为6个处理。影响因素包括：在育种时开始的硒[充足硒（ASe, 11.5 mu g/kg BW）或高硒（HSe, 77.0 mu g/kg BW）]和妊娠40 d时开始的营养水平[60 (RES), 100 （CON）或140% (HIH)]。母羊从40 d开始单独饲养，羔羊在分娩时被移除。所有母羊在产后3 h时均挤奶初乳，其中一半母羊（n = 42）过渡到符合泌乳要求的普通日粮，并机械挤奶20 d。HSe母羊的初乳产量高于ASe (P = 0.02)，而CON母羊的初乳产量高于RES和HIH （P < 0.05）。初乳Se（%）中，HSe组高于ASe组（P < 0.01）。饲用HSe的母羊初乳乳脂（%）低于（P = 0.03），但总乳脂、非脂肪固体、乳糖、蛋白质、乳尿素N和硒（P = 0.05）高于（P = 0.05）。HIH母羊初乳非脂肪固体含量（%）高于RES (P = 0.02)，而RES的乳脂含量（%）高于CON和HIH （P = 0.04）。对照组母羊初乳总乳脂含量高于对照组（P = 0.01）。CON组初乳总非脂肪固形物、乳糖和蛋白质含量高于RES组和HIH组（P < 0.05）。饲喂HSe的母羊产奶量（g/d和mL/d）高于（P < 0.01） ASe， CON和HIH的产奶量高于RES (P < 0.01)， RES的乳蛋白（%）高于CON和HIH （P < 0.01）。各组母羊的乳硒（μ g/g和mg/d）均高于ASe （P < 0.01）。CON和HIH母羊的乳中总不脂固体物、乳糖、蛋白质和乳尿素N均高于res (P < 0.01)，总硒含量高于res (P = 0.02)，体细胞数和总体细胞数高于res (P < 0.05)，产奶量（g和mL）呈日立方效应（P < 0.01）。乳脂、非脂固体、乳糖、乳尿素N和硒浓度随日呈二次曲线变化（P < 0.01）。蛋白质（%）、总乳脂、总硒和体细胞（细胞/mL和细胞/d）随天数呈线性降低（P < 0.01）。结果表明，即使在满足哺乳期营养需求的情况下，妊娠期营养也会影响初乳和产奶量以及营养含量。
The objectives were to investigate effects of nutritional plane and Se supply during gestation on yield and nutrient composition of colostrum and milk in first parity ewes. Rambouillet ewe lambs (n = 84, age = 240 +/- 17 d, BW = 52.1 +/- 6.2 kg) were allocated to 6 treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial array. Factors included Se [adequate Se (ASe, 11.5 mu g/kg of BW) or high Se (HSe, 77.0 mu g/kg of BW)] initiated at breeding, and nutritional plane [60 (RES), 100 (CON), or 140% (HIH) of requirements] initiated at d 40 of gestation. Ewes were fed individually from d 40, and lambs were removed at parturition. Colostrum was milked from all ewes at 3 h postpartum, and one-half of the ewes (n = 42) were transitioned to a common diet meeting lactation requirements and mechanically milked for 20 d. Colostrum yield was greater (P = 0.02) for HSe ewes than ASe, whereas CON had greater (P < 0.05) colostrum yield than RES and HIH. Colostrum Se (%) was greater (P < 0.01) for HSe than ASe. Colostrum from ewes fed HSe had less (P = 0.03) butterfat (%), but greater (P = 0.05) total butterfat, solids-not-fat, lactose, protein, milk urea N, and Se than ASe. Colostrum from HIH ewes had greater (P = 0.02) solids-not-fat (%) than RES, whereas RES had greater (P = 0.04) butterfat (%) than CON and HIH. Colostrum from ewes fed the CON diet had greater (P = 0.01) total butterfat than HIH. Total solids-not-fat, lactose, and protein were greater (P < 0.05) in colostrum from CON than RES and HIH. Ewes fed HSe had greater (P < 0.01) milk yield (g/d and mL/d) than ASe, and CON and HIH had greater (P < 0.01) yield than RES. Milk protein (%) was greater (P < 0.01) in RES compared with CON or HIH. Ewes fed HSe had greater (P < 0.01) milk Se (mu g/g and mg/d) than ASe on each sampling day. Milk from CON and HIH ewes had greater (P < 0.01) total solids-not-fat, lactose, protein, and milk urea N than RES. Total Se was greater (P = 0.02) in milk from ewes fed the CON diet compared with RES. Somatic cell count and total somatic cells were greater (P < 0.05) in milk from CON than RES. A cubic effect of day (P > 0.01) was observed for milk yield (g and mL). Butterfat, solids-not-fat, lactose, milk urea N, and Se concentration responded quadratically (P < 0.01) to day. Protein (%), total butterfat, and total Se, and somatic cells (cells/mL and cells/d) decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with day. Results indicate that gestational nutrition affects colostrum and milk yield and nutrient content, even when lactational nutrient requirements are met.