How Did Urban Land Expand in China between 1992 and 2015? A Multi-Scale Landscape Analysis.
How Did Urban Land Expand in China between 1992 and 2015? A Multi-Scale Landscape Analysis.
复制标题
1992年至2015年间，中国城市用地是如何扩张的？
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0154839
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Dou Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu M;He C;Liu Z;Dou Y
有效、及时地量化中国城市扩展的时空格局，对评价其环境影响具有重要意义。然而，由于缺乏最新信息，中国自2012年以来的最近一次城市扩张的动态尚未得到充分解释。在本文中，我们的目标是量化1992年至2015年中国城市扩展的时空格局。首先，通过集成夜间光照数据、植被指数数据和地表温度数据，提取了中国1992年至2015年的城市扩展信息。然后，我们分析了国家和区域尺度上的城市扩张的时空格局，以及城市群的时空格局。我们发现，1992年至2015年，中国经历了快速而大规模的城市扩张过程，城市用地从1.22×104平方公里增加到7.29×104平方公里，规模扩大了近5倍，年均增长8.10%，几乎是全球平均水平的2.5倍。我们还发现，中国的城市用地扩张主要是占用耕地3.31×104km2，占城市用地扩张总面积的54.67%。在三种增长模式中，边缘扩张和跨越式增长是造成耕地流失的主要原因。城市用地边际扩张造成的耕地损失总量为2.51×104km2，占耕地损失总量的75%以上。我们认为，要保护中国的耕地，需要对城市土地的边缘扩张进行有效的未来管理。
Effective and timely quantification of the spatiotemporal pattern of urban expansion in China is important for the assessment of its environmental effects. However, the dynamics of the most recent urban expansions in China since 2012 have not yet been adequately explained due to a lack of current information. In this paper, our objective was to quantify spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion in China between 1992 and 2015. First, we extracted information on urban expansion in China between 1992 and 2015 by integrating nighttime light data, vegetation index data, and land surface temperature data. Then we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of urban expansion at the national and regional scales, as well as at that of urban agglomerations. We found that China experienced a rapid and large-scale process of urban expansion between 1992 and 2015, with urban land increasing from 1.22 × 104 km2 to 7.29 × 104 km2, increasing in size nearly fivefold and with an average annual growth rate of 8.10%, almost 2.5 times as rapid as the global average. We also found that urban land in China expanded mainly by occupying 3.31 × 104 km2 of cropland, which comprised 54.67% of the total area of expanded urban land. Among the three modes of growth—infilling, edge expansion, and leapfrog—edge expansion was the main cause of cropland loss. Cropland loss resulting from edge expansion of urban land totalled 2.51 × 104 km2, accounting for over 75% of total cropland loss. We suggest that effective future management with respect to edge expansion of urban land is needed to protect cropland in China.