High resource overlap and small dietary differences are widespread in food‐limited warbler (Parulidae) communities
High resource overlap and small dietary differences are widespread in food‐limited warbler (Parulidae) communities
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在食物有限的莺（Parulidae）群落中，高度资源重叠和较小的饮食差异普遍存在
DOI：
10.1111/ibi.13006
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Sherry, Thomas W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kent, Cody M.;Huh, Kyu Min;Hunter, Sarah Chieko;Judson, Kathryn;Powell, Luke L.;Sherry, Thomas W.
虽然种间竞争和共存机制是生态和进化理论的核心，但过去的经验研究通常集中在短时间内的简单（两种）群落。在复杂的研究系统中，这些物种相互作用的实验测试具有挑战性。此外，几项研究的“不完美的generalists”，与Liem的Paradian一致，提出的问题进化物种的差异，有效地划分生态位空间的能力时，资源变化很大，在整个年度周期。在这里，我们使用了一个最近开发的理论框架，结合联合收割机过去的研究人口水平的过程与资源利用的观测数据，以测试正在进行的种间竞争，并了解资源重叠的性质。我们比较了几个不同的社区集中在一个焦点物种，美国RedstartSetophaga ruticillareproduced在空间上和季节性的物种饮食重叠和差异，结合人口调节的文件，以评估类似的物种划分饮食生态位空间和限制种间竞争的能力。我们的研究结果表明，在大多数研究的社区饮食重叠高，只有微妙的分化与已知的物种差异觅食行为和形态相一致。这些发现在很大程度上是一致的物种觅食不完美的通才。然而，与过去的研究相反，在推断的资源稀缺时期，这里观察到的高饮食重叠是由低价值的猎物类群（例如小蚂蚁）驱动的，并不涉及真正的“私人”资源。所有这些因素都增加了种间竞争的潜在负面影响，并限制了这些鸟类避免竞争的能力，如果食物供应进一步恶化，比我们的研究中观察到的，无论是季节性或更长的时间间隔。
Although both interspecific competition and coexistence mechanisms are central to ecological and evolutionary theory, past empirical studies have generally focused on simple (two‐species) communities over short time periods. Experimental tests of these species interactions are challenging in complex study systems. Moreover, several studies of ‘imperfect generalists’, consistent with Liem's Paradox, raise questions about the ability of evolved species differences to partition niche space effectively when resources vary considerably across the annual cycle. Here we used a recently developed theoretical framework to combine past research on population‐level processes with observational data on resource use to test for ongoing interspecific competition and understand the nature of resource overlap. We compared species diet overlaps and differences in several distinctive communities centred on a focal species, the American RedstartSetophaga ruticillareplicated both spatially and seasonally, in combination with documentation of population regulation to assess the ability of similar species to partition dietary niche space and limit interspecific competition. Our results document high dietary overlap in most of the communities studied, with only subtle differentiation consistent with known species differences in foraging behaviour and morphology. These findings are largely consistent with species foraging as imperfect generalists. However, in contrast to past studies, the high diet overlaps observed here during times of inferred resource scarcity were driven by low‐value prey taxa (e.g. small ants) and did not involve truly ‘private’ resources. All of these factors increase the potential negative impacts of interspecific competition, and limit the ability of these birds to avoid competition if food availability deteriorates further than observed in our study, either seasonally or at longer intervals.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01779.x
发表时间：
2011
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