Agricultural Trade Liberalization in the 21 st Century : Has it Done the Business ?
Agricultural Trade Liberalization in the 21 st Century : Has it Done the Business ?
复制标题
21世纪的农产品贸易自由化：成功了吗？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Jean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Bureau;Houssein Guimbard;S. Jean
基于一个新颖的、详细的、时间一致的关税数据库，以评估2001年以来农业部门进口保护的发展情况，我们提出了对各类关税变化的统计分解。结果表明，多边体制在这一时期的贸易自由化中发挥的作用有限。许多国家继续对农产品征收远低于世贸组织规定的关税上限的关税。此外，在此期间，有大量的单方面取消关税，因此大部分自由化是在世贸组织和区域协定之外进行的。区域贸易协定的数量激增，但它们对实际农业关税的影响有限。最后，我们研究了未来贸易谈判发展的两种极端情况对食品和农产品的关税、贸易和生产的影响：区域协定的雄心勃勃的激增和世贸组织背景下的贸易战。
Based on a novel, detailed, time-consistent tariff database to take stock of developments regarding import protection in the agricultural sector since 2001, we propose a statistical decomposition of the changes in the various types of tariffs. The results show that the multilateral system has played a limited role in trade liberalization over the period. Many countries have continued to apply much lower tariffs on agricultural products than their WTO ceilings. Moreover, there has been substantial unilateral dismantling of tariffs over the period, so that much of the liberalization took place outside WTO and regional agreements. The number of regional trade agreements has surged, but their impact on applied agricultural tariffs has been limited. Finally, we investigate the tariffs, trade and production implications for food and agricultural products of two extreme scenarios in the future development of trade negotiations: an ambitious surge of regional agreements and a trade war within the WTO context.