A baseline for the impact of academic patenting legislation in Norway
A baseline for the impact of academic patenting legislation in Norway
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挪威学术专利立法影响的基线
作者：
E. Iversen;Magnus Gulbrandsen;Antje Klitkou
由于学术研究的商业化已成为许多国家的一个目标领域，人们日益认识到需要更好地收集经验数据，以评价这方面的政策变化。这种需要在挪威的案例中得到了体现。2003年，挪威立法改革生效，明确鼓励通过为研究成果申请专利来实现更大程度的商业化。这一政策野心面临的问题是，在2003年该国逐步取消“教授特权”之前，没有学术研究人员申请专利活动的记录。本文解决了如何实证检验这些政策目标效果的根本困难。它开发了一种方法，可用于可靠地基线学术专利的范围和重点的变化。目的是描述实证方法和结果，同时也提供对挪威在这方面的政策变化及其背景的见解。
As the commercialization of academic research has risen as a target area in many countries, the need for better empirical data collection to evaluate policy changes on this front has increasingly been recognized. This need is exemplified in the Norwegian case where legislative changes went into effect in 2003 expressly to encourage greater commercialization through patenting research results. This policy ambition faces the problem that no record of the patenting activity of academic researchers is available before 2003 when the country’s “professor’s privilege” was phased out. This article addresses the fundamental difficulty of how to empirically test the effect of such policy aims. It develops a methodology which can be used to reliably baseline changes in the extent and focus of academic patents. The purpose is to describe the empirical approach and results, while also providing insight into the changes in Norwegian policy on this front and their context.