Neural Correlates of Word Recognition: A Systematic Comparison of Natural Reading and Rapid Serial Visual Presentation
Neural Correlates of Word Recognition: A Systematic Comparison of Natural Reading and Rapid Serial Visual Presentation
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_00977
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发表时间：
2016-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Dimigen, Olaf
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kornrumpf, Benthe;Niefind, Florian;Dimigen, Olaf
单词识别的神经关联通常用(快速)连续视觉呈现(RSVP)来研究，RSVP是一种条件，它消除了自然阅读的三个基本特性：旁中央凹预处理、眼跳执行和注意加工负荷从注视到注视的快速变化。我们将眼球跟踪和EEG结合起来，系统地研究了这三个因素对阅读过程中脑电活动的影响。受试者通过眼球运动主动阅读单词列表(引发注视相关电位)，或者保持注视，同时文本以匹配的速度通过中心凹视觉被动移动(RSVP-with-flankers范式，诱发ERPs)。通过改变副视可见字母的数量来操纵即将到来的单词的预览。加工负荷通过呈现不同词汇频率的单词来改变。我们发现，这三个因素对大脑对单词的反应都有很强的交互作用：一旦一个单词被注视，枕颞N1波幅随着前一次注视时可获得的旁凹信息量的增加而单调下降；因此，在有预览的阅读条件下，N1成分显著减弱。重要的是，这种预览效应在主动阅读(有眼跳)过程中比在有侧翼的被动RSVP过程中要大得多，这表明眼动的执行通过增加旁中央凹预处理来促进单词识别。最后，我们发现，一个词引起的N1成分也反映了之前被检查的词所施加的词汇加工负荷。综上所述，这些结果表明，在更自然的条件下，单词在多个注视中以时空分布和相互依赖的方式被识别，这一过程是由主动运动行为介导的。
Neural correlates of word recognition are commonly studied with (rapid) serial visual presentation (RSVP), a condition that eliminates three fundamental properties of natural reading: parafoveal preprocessing, saccade execution, and the fast changes in attentional processing load occurring from fixation to fixation. We combined eye-tracking and EEG to systematically investigate the impact of all three factors on brain-electric activity during reading. Participants read lists of words either actively with eye movements (eliciting fixation-related potentials) or maintained fixation while the text moved passively through foveal vision at a matched pace (RSVP-with-flankers paradigm, eliciting ERPs). The preview of the upcoming word was manipulated by changing the number of parafoveally visible letters. Processing load was varied by presenting words of varying lexical frequency. We found that all three factors have strong interactive effects on the brain's responses to words: Once a word was fixated, occipitotemporal N1 amplitude decreased monotonically with the amount of parafoveal information available during the preceding fixation; hence, the N1 component was markedly attenuated under reading conditions with preview. Importantly, this preview effect was substantially larger during active reading (with saccades) than during passive RSVP with flankers, suggesting that the execution of eye movements facilitates word recognition by increasing parafoveal preprocessing. Lastly, we found that the N1 component elicited by a word also reflects the lexical processing load imposed by the previously inspected word. Together, these results demonstrate that, under more natural conditions, words are recognized in a spatiotemporally distributed and interdependent manner across multiple eye fixations, a process that is mediated by active motor behavior.