Altitudinal differentiation in the leaf wax-mediated flowering bud protection against frost in a perennial Arabidopsis
Altitudinal differentiation in the leaf wax-mediated flowering bud protection against frost in a perennial Arabidopsis
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-021-04870-6
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发表时间：
2021-02
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
G. Yumoto;Yuko Sasaki-Sekimoto;B. Aryal;H. Ohta;H. Kudoh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Yumoto;Yuko Sasaki-Sekimoto;B. Aryal;H. Ohta;H. Kudoh
在种间和种内经常观察到叶片斥水性的海拔梯度。在先前的一项关于拟南芥的研究中，茎生叶（包裹花蕾的茎生叶）在暴露的半高山植物中比在林下低海拔植物中表现出更高的防水性。在这里，我们研究了海拔高度的变化，表皮蜡含量的叶片表面和实验评估的作用，茎生叶的高防水性。叶表皮蜡进行了分析，使用全面的二维气相色谱（GC）-质谱和GC-火焰离子化检测器。年轻的花蕾被茎生叶包裹暴露于冷冻温度有或没有水，霜冻伤害的花蕾之间的植物从半高山和低海拔的栖息地进行了比较。较高的C29，C31，和C33烷烃的量观察到在茎叶的半高山植物比低海拔植物。在冷冻试验中，水分的施加增加了对低海拔植物花蕾的伤害，并且当水分施加到植物表面时，对半高山植物花蕾的伤害程度低于低海拔植物。叶表面上的烷烃的量取决于海拔高度的遗传变异发生在茎生叶。我们的研究结果表明，茎生叶的斥水性大概可以最大限度地减少霜冻对高海拔地区花蕾的损害。
An altitudinal gradient of leaf water repellency is often observed between and within species. In a previous study ofArabidopsis halleri, cauline leaves (stem leaves that wrap flowering buds) showed higher water repellency in exposed semi-alpine plants than in understory low-elevation plants. Here, we examined altitudinal variations in the cuticular wax content of the leaf surface and experimentally evaluated the role of high water repellency of cauline leaves. Leaf cuticular wax was analysed using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry and a GC-flame ionisation detector. Young flowering buds wrapped by cauline leaves were exposed to freezing temperatures with or without water, and frost damage to the flowering buds was compared between plants from semi-alpine and low-elevation habitats. Higher amounts of C29, C31, and C33 alkanes were observed in the cauline leaves of semi-alpine plants than in those of low-elevation plants. In the freezing experiment, water application increased damage to the flowering buds of low-elevation plants, and the extent of damage to the flowering buds was lower in semi-alpine plants than in low-elevation plants when water was applied to the plant surface. Genetic variations in the amounts of alkanes on the leaf surface depending on the altitude occurred specifically in cauline leaves. Our results indicate that the water repellency of cauline leaves presumably minimises frost damage to flowering buds at high altitudes.