Population Dynamics and Conservation of Commensal Bonnet Macaques
Population Dynamics and Conservation of Commensal Bonnet Macaques
复制标题
共生帽猕猴的种群动态和保护
DOI：
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发表时间：
2004
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
N. Raghunatha Rao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mewa Singh;N. Raghunatha Rao
尽管人们对受威胁的灵长类物种的保护和管理给予了很多关注，但针对风险较低的物种的工作却很少报道。我们报告了印度南部迈索尔市周围的精耕、旱耕和灌木丛森林地区共享人类栖息地的共生帽猕猴（Macaca radiata radiata）的人口统计和种群动态数据。我们还将这些数据与我们的研究团队在 1989 年和 1998 年收集的相同组的先前数据进行了比较。种群数量总体下降了 21.3%（内在速率 (r) 为 -0.017），仅旱耕栖息地在 14 年内就下降了 41% 以上（r=-0.038）。由于群体之间的距离增加以及每个亚种群的个体数量减少，旱耕栖息地也显示出种群破碎化的加剧。旱作区小群体数量不断增加，中、大群体数量不断减少。我们在人猴争夺共享资源的冲突背景下讨论这些趋势。我们建议，必须在低风险物种受到威胁之前制定有效的保护策略，特别是如果它们总体上是共生的。我们进一步建议，具有礼拜场所、人猴冲突最少但靠近密集使用的人类栖息地的灌木丛森林是保护帽猕猴最合适和最稳定的栖息地。
Whereas much attention is paid to the conservation and management of threatened species of primates, little work is reported on the species that are at lower risk. We report data on demography and population dynamics in commensal bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata radiata) sharing human habitats in Intensive Cultivation, Dry Cultivation and Scrub Forest zones around the city of Mysore, south India. We also compare the data with the previous data collected in 1989 and 1998 on the same groups by our research team. The population has suffered an overall decline of 21.3% (at an intrinsic rate (r) of −0.017) with Dry Cultivation habitat alone recording over 41% decline (r=−0.038) in 14 years. The Dry Cultivation habitat has also shown increased population fragmentation due to increased distance among groups, and decreased numbers of individuals per subpopulation. In Dry Cultivation areas, the number of small groups has been increasing, whereas the number of medium and large groups has been decreasing. We discuss such trends in the context of human-monkey conflict for shared resources. We propose that effective conservation strategies for lower risk species, especially if they are by-and-large commensal, must be planned now before they become threatened. We further propose that Scrub Forests with places of worship, and with the least human-monkey conflict but otherwise close to intensively used human habitats, are the most suitable and stable habitats for conservation of bonnet macaques.