Soft power and media power: western foreign correspondents and the making of Brazil's image overseas
Soft power and media power: western foreign correspondents and the making of Brazil's image overseas
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软实力与媒体实力：西方驻外记者与巴西海外形象塑造
DOI：
10.1057/s41254-021-00247-x
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Jiménez-Martínez C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiménez-Martínez C
尽管越来越多的人认识到媒体在国家品牌中的作用，但对媒体与外国记者之间的关系缺乏明确的理解，这是必要的。虽然外国记者是国家品牌的主要目标，但研究通常将这些记者描绘为当局和顾问利用的工具，而不是自己的行为者。本文通过对过去二十年来报道巴西的21位外国记者的采访，确定了记者与国家品牌之间的三种关系模式：“挑战”、“结盟”和“过滤”软实力。这些模式开启了对软实力-新闻关系的更微妙的理解，外国记者有可能成为软实力的合作者或对手。承认西方记者在软实力倡议中的作用对全球南方国家尤为重要，因为后者依赖于海外新闻机构的积极报道，而且他们认为需要得到西方的承认。此外，尽管外国记者声称对当局提出的巴西版本提出质疑，但他们最终还是倾向于类似形式的国家想象，强调经济表现、全球不平等，从而限制了传播国家的其他可能性。
Despite a growing recognition of the role of the media in nation branding, a clear understanding of the relationship between the latter and foreign correspondents is absent and needed. Although foreign correspondents are a key target of nation branding, studies generally depict these journalists as vehicles exploited by authorities and consultants rather than actors in their own right. Drawing on twenty-one interviews with foreign correspondents who have covered Brazil in the last two decades, this article identifies three relationship modes between journalists and nation branding: ‘challenging’, ‘aligning with’ and ‘filtering’ soft power. These modes open up a more nuanced understanding of the soft power-journalism nexus, with foreign correspondents having the potential to be collaborators or antagonists of soft power. Acknowledging the agency of Western journalists in relation to soft power initiatives is especially important for Global South nations, due to the dependency of the latter on securing positive coverage by overseas news organisations and their perceived need to be recognised by the West. Moreover, although foreign correspondents claim to contest the version of Brazil put forward by authorities, they ultimately favour similar forms of national imagination, emphasising economic performance, global inequalities and consequently restricting alternative possibilities to communicate the nation.