THE EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE OF OBJECT DISTANCE ON ACCOMMODATION DURING INSTRUMENT VIEWING
THE EFFECT OF KNOWLEDGE OF OBJECT DISTANCE ON ACCOMMODATION DURING INSTRUMENT VIEWING
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DOI：
10.1068/p230671
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发表时间：
1994-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
WILEY, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
KOTULAK, JC;MORSE, SE;WILEY, RW
我们提供了测量仪器调节能力的数据，而对物距的了解是不同的。调节反馈环是“半开放”的--介于先前实验中的闭环系统和开环系统之间的中间状态。半开环情况模拟了仪器查看过程中经常遇到的图像退化情况。结果表明，对某些受试者而言，物距的知识比物体的光学距离更能反映仪器的适应性；然而，对大多数受试者来说，情况并非如此。我们还发现，那些调节能力受物体距离知识影响的受试者，往往比那些调节能力与物体距离知识无关的受试者有更近的暗焦点。我们提出曼德尔鲍姆效应，即当观察者和关注对象之间叠加透明时发生的非自愿适应，可以解释所有受试者的适应行为。然而，曼德尔鲍姆效应将不得不得到比以前更广泛的解释。在更广泛的解释中，透明度可以是认知的(即已知距离)，而不是物理上的。
We present data in which instrument accommodation was measured while knowledge of object distance was varied. The accommodative feedback loop was 'semiopen'-an intermediate state between the closed-loop and open-loop conditions of previous experiments. The semi-open-loop situation mimicked the degraded-image conditions which are frequently encountered during instrument viewing. The results show that for some subjects knowledge of object distance is a more powerful cue for instrument accommodation than is the optical distance of the object; however, for the majority of subjects this is not the case. We also found that subjects whose accommodation is influenced by knowledge of object distance tend to have a more proximal dark focus than those whose accommodation is independent of knowledge of object distance. We propose that the Mandelbaum effect, in which involuntary accommodation occurs when a transparency is superimposed between the observer and the object of regard, could account for the accommodative behavior of all subjects. However, the Mandelbaum effect would have to be interpreted more broadly than before. In the broader interpretation, the transparency could be cognitive (ie known distance) rather than physical.