Medial frontal GABA is lower in older schizophrenia: a MEGA-PRESS with macromolecule suppression study.
Medial frontal GABA is lower in older schizophrenia: a MEGA-PRESS with macromolecule suppression study.
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DOI：
10.1038/mp.2015.34
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Hong LE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rowland LM;Krause BW;Wijtenburg SA;McMahon RP;Chiappelli J;Nugent KL;Nisonger SJ;Korenic SA;Kochunov P;Hong LE
γ-丁酸（GABA）功能障碍与精神分裂症及其认知缺陷的病理生理学有关。质子磁共振波谱（MRS）被用来测试的假设，即老年参与者与精神分裂症有较低的前扣带回GABA水平相比，老年对照组参与者。145名参与者完成了这项研究。对于GABA的检测，使用大分子抑制的MEGA-PRESS序列从内侧额叶/前扣带皮层获取光谱。对患者进行了精神病理学评估，所有参与者都完成了工作记忆，处理速度和功能能力的神经心理学测试。与老年对照组（n= 37）相比，老年精神分裂症参与者（n= 31）的GABA水平显著降低（p=0.003），但年轻对照组（n=40）和精神分裂症（n=29）组之间的GABA水平没有显著降低（p=0.994）。年龄强烈预测GABA水平在精神分裂症组占42%的方差，但年龄的影响较小，在对照组占5.7%的方差。GABA水平与工作记忆有关，但与处理速度、功能能力或阳性或阴性症状严重程度无关。这是对精神分裂症中GABA的最大规模的MRS研究，也是第一次在没有大分子污染的情况下检查GABA，这在之前的研究中是一个潜在的重要问题。与对照组相比，精神分裂症患者的GABA水平随着年龄的增长而下降得更快。针对停止下降或增加GABA水平的干预措施可能会改善精神分裂症患者的功能结局和生活质量。
Gamma-butyric acid (GABA) dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and its cognitive deficits. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to test the hypothesis that older participants with schizophrenia have lower anterior cingulate GABA levels compared to older control participants. One-hundred and forty-five participants completed this study. For detection of GABA, spectra were acquired from the medial frontal/anterior cingulate cortex using a macromolecule-suppressed MEGA-PRESS sequence. Patients were evaluated for psychopathology and all participants completed neuropsychological tests of working memory, processing speed, and functional capacity. GABA levels were significantly lower in the older participants with schizophrenia(n=31) compared to the older control(n=37) group (p=0.003) but not between the younger control(n=40) and schizophrenia (n=29) groups (p=0.994). Age strongly predicted GABA levels in the schizophrenia group accounting for 42% of the variance, but the effect of age was less in the control group accounting for 5.7% of the variance. GABA levels were specifically related to working memory but not processing speed performance, functional capacity, or positive or negative symptom severity. This is the largest MRS study of GABA in schizophrenia and the first to examine GABA without macromolecule contamination, a potentially significant issue in previous studies. GABA levels more rapidly declined with advancing age in the schizophrenia compared to the control group. Interventions targeted at halting the decline or increasing GABA levels may improve functional outcomes and quality of life as patients with schizophrenia age.