Induction of autophagy by cystatin C: a mechanism that protects murine primary cortical neurons and neuronal cell lines.

Induction of autophagy by cystatin C: a mechanism that protects murine primary cortical neurons and neuronal cell lines.
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半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂 C 诱导自噬:一种保护小鼠原代皮质神经元和神经元细胞系的机制。

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0009819
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发表时间:
2010-03-23
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Levy E
Levy E
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tizon B;Sahoo S;Yu H;Gauthier S;Kumar AR;Mohan P;Figliola M;Pawlik M;Grubb A;Uchiyama Y;Bandyopadhyay U;Cuervo AM;Nixon RA;Levy E

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在人类癫痫患者、神经退行性疾病动物模型中以及对损伤的反应中,大脑中胱抑素 C (CysC) 的表达升高,但 CysC 表达上调是否是神经退行性疾病的表现还是细胞修复反应尚不清楚。这项研究表明,人类 CysC 在暴露于细胞毒性挑战(包括营养剥夺、秋水仙碱、十字孢菌素和氧化应激)的培养物中具有神经保护作用。虽然 CysC 是一种半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂,但 CysC 的神经保护作用不需要组织蛋白酶 B 抑制。细胞通过 mTOR 途径诱导功能齐全的自噬来响应 CysC,从而增强溶酶体对自噬底物的蛋白水解清除。 CysC 的神经保护作用可通过使用 beclin 1 siRNA 或 3-甲基腺嘌呤抑制自噬来预防。我们的研究结果表明,CysC 通过抑制 mTOR 诱导自噬,在神经元受到挑战的情况下发挥保护作用,这与 CysC 在神经退行性疾病中的神经保护作用一致。因此,CysC 表达的调节对中风、阿尔茨海默病和其他神经退行性疾病具有治疗意义。
Cystatin C (CysC) expression in the brain is elevated in human patients with epilepsy, in animal models of neurodegenerative conditions, and in response to injury, but whether up-regulated CysC expression is a manifestation of neurodegeneration or a cellular repair response is not understood. This study demonstrates that human CysC is neuroprotective in cultures exposed to cytotoxic challenges, including nutritional-deprivation, colchicine, staurosporine, and oxidative stress. While CysC is a cysteine protease inhibitor, cathepsin B inhibition was not required for the neuroprotective action of CysC. Cells responded to CysC by inducing fully functional autophagy via the mTOR pathway, leading to enhanced proteolytic clearance of autophagy substrates by lysosomes. Neuroprotective effects of CysC were prevented by inhibiting autophagy with beclin 1 siRNA or 3-methyladenine. Our findings show that CysC plays a protective role under conditions of neuronal challenge by inducing autophagy via mTOR inhibition and are consistent with CysC being neuroprotective in neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, modulation of CysC expression has therapeutic implications for stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and other neurodegenerative disorders.
神经元中的自噬诱导和自噬体清除:与阿尔茨海默氏病自噬病理学的关系。
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