Age Trends for Failures of Sustained Attention
Age Trends for Failures of Sustained Attention
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DOI：
10.1037/a0019363
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Smilek, Daniel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carriere, Jonathan S. A.;Cheyne, J. Allan;Smilek, Daniel
最近的研究表明，在持续注意力任务中，与年龄相关的错误减少，这表明持续注意力能力随着年龄的增长而提高。这样的结果似乎自相矛盾，因为有充分的证据表明，认知能力与年龄有关。在本研究中，持续注意反应任务（SART）的性能进行了评估，在一个补充的档案样本638人之间的14和77岁。SART错误和反应速度似乎下降，在整个研究年龄跨度的年龄函数的线性方式。相比之下，持续注意力的其他指标（反应时间变异系数、预期和遗漏）在生命早期出现下降，然后在生命的其余时间保持不变。因此，持续的注意力在成年早期随着成熟而有所改善，但在老年人中不会随着年龄的增长而改变。另一方面，整个生命周期的衰老导致了一个更具战略性的（即，更慢）的响应风格，其减少了明显的和关键的后果（即，SART错误）。
Recent research has revealed an age-related reduction in errors in a sustained attention task, suggesting that sustained attention abilities improve with age. Such results seem paradoxical in light of the well-documented age-related declines in cognitive performance. In the present study, performance on the sustained attention to response task (SART) was assessed in a supplemented archival sample of 638 individuals between 14 and 77 years old. SART errors and response speed appeared to decline in a linear fashion as a function of age throughout the age span studied. In contrast, other measures of sustained attention (reaction time coefficient of variation), anticipation, and omissions) showed a decrease early in life and then remained unchanged for the rest of the life span. Thus, sustained attention shows improvements with maturation in early adulthood but then does not change with aging in older adults. On the other hand, aging across the entire life span leads to a more strategic (i.e., slower) response style that reduces the overt and critical consequences (i.e., SART errors) of momentary task disengagement.