Guiding self-organized pattern formation in cell polarity establishment
Guiding self-organized pattern formation in cell polarity establishment
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DOI：
10.1038/s41567-018-0358-7
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Grill, Stephan W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gross, Peter;Kumar, K. Vijay;Grill, Stephan W.
图灵系统中的自发模式形成依赖于反馈。但是细胞和组织中的模式很少自发形成，相反，它们是由提供分子指导线索的调节性生物化学相互作用控制的。在受控生物模式形成中，这些引导线索和反馈之间的关系仍不清楚。在这里，我们探讨这种关系在细胞极性建立在一个细胞阶段秀丽隐杆线虫胚胎。我们量化了极性建立过程中两个反馈系统的强度：极性蛋白质和肌动球蛋白皮质之间的反馈，以及极性蛋白质之间的相互拮抗作用。我们的特点是这些反馈系统是如何调制的中心体，细胞器调节细胞周期进程的指导线索。通过耦合质量守恒图灵样反应扩散系统的极性蛋白质的活性凝胶描述的肌动球蛋白皮质，我们揭示了一个过渡点，超过该反馈确保自组织极化，即使当线索被删除。值得注意的是，系统从引导主导切换到反馈主导的状态，远远超过这个过渡点，这确保了鲁棒性。总之，这些结果揭示了控制生物模式形成系统的一般标准：反馈保持亚临界，以避免不稳定的行为，分子指导线索驱动系统超越模式形成的过渡点。
Spontaneous pattern formation in Turing systems relies on feedback. But patterns in cells and tissues seldom form spontaneously-instead they are controlled by regulatory biochemical interactions that provide molecular guiding cues. The relationship between these guiding cues and feedback in controlled biological pattern formation remains unclear. Here, we explore this relationship during cell-polarity establishment in the one-cell-stage Caenorhabditis elegans embryo. We quantify the strength of two feedback systems that operate during polarity establishment: feedback between polarity proteins and the actomyosin cortex, and mutual antagonism among polarity proteins. We characterize how these feedback systems are modulated by guiding cues from the centrosome, an organelle regulating cell cycle progression. By coupling a mass-conserved Turing-like reaction-diffusion system for polarity proteins to an active-gel description of the actomyosin cortex, we reveal a transition point beyond which feedback ensures self-organized polarization, even when cues are removed. Notably, the system switches from a guide-dominated to a feedback-dominated regime well beyond this transition point, which ensures robustness. Together, these results reveal a general criterion for controlling biological pattern-forming systems: feedback remains subcritical to avoid unstable behaviour, and molecular guiding cues drive the system beyond a transition point for pattern formation.