Recent advances in the research and development of blue flowers.
Recent advances in the research and development of blue flowers.
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DOI：
10.1270/jsbbs.17132
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发表时间：
2018-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Noda N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Noda N
花色是观赏植物育种中最重要的性状。然而，在花卉业中，理想植物的蓝色花朵已被证明很难繁殖。许多具有高产量的观赏植物，如玫瑰和菊花，缺乏产生蓝色飞燕草色素的关键基因或不具有适于显现蓝色的细胞内环境。最近，通过色素生物合成基因的分子生物学分析和基因工程的进展，已经有可能引入蓝色花色性状。例如，引入编码类黄酮3′，5 ′-羟化酶的F3′5′H基因可以在各种花如玫瑰和康乃馨中产生飞燕草素，使花的颜色变成紫色或紫罗兰色。此外，最近通过将编码花色素苷3′，5 ′-O-葡萄糖基转移酶的A3′5′GT基因和F3′5′H基因导入宿主植物中，获得了世界上第一个蓝色菊花。由两种转基因合成的B环葡萄糖基化的基于飞燕草苷的花青素通过与天然存在于菊花的射线小花中的无色黄酮苷共着色而呈现蓝色。本文综述了利用生物技术开发蓝色花卉的研究进展，并对蓝色花卉的育种和商业化前景进行了展望。
Flower color is the most important trait in the breeding of ornamental plants. In the floriculture industry, however, bluish colored flowers of desirable plants have proved difficult to breed. Many ornamental plants with a high production volume, such as rose and chrysanthemum, lack the key genes for producing the blue delphinidin pigment or do not have an intracellular environment suitable for developing blue color. Recently, it has become possible to incorporate a blue flower color trait through progress in molecular biological analysis of pigment biosynthesis genes and genetic engineering. For example, introduction of the F3′5′H gene encoding flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase can produce delphinidin in various flowers such as roses and carnations, turning the flower color purple or violet. Furthermore, the world’s first blue chrysanthemum was recently produced by introducing the A3′5′GT gene encoding anthocyanin 3′,5′-O-glucosyltransferase, in addition to F3′5′H, into the host plant. The B-ring glucosylated delphinidin-based anthocyanin that is synthesized by the two transgenes develops blue coloration by co-pigmentation with colorless flavone glycosides naturally present in the ray floret of chrysanthemum. This review focuses on the biotechnological efforts to develop blue flowers, and describes future prospects for blue flower breeding and commercialization.
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影响因子：
8.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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