AMERICAN-INDIAN ALASKA NATIVE YOUTH HEALTH
AMERICAN-INDIAN ALASKA NATIVE YOUTH HEALTH
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.267.12.1637
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发表时间：
1992-03-25
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
RESNICK, MD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BLUM, RW;HARMON, B;RESNICK, MD
客观的。 - 评估美国印第安-阿拉斯加原住民青少年的风险行为、健康问题、忧虑和顾虑以及增强复原力的因素。设计。 - 调查。设置。 - 来自八个印度卫生服务区的非城市学校。参与者。 - 共有 13454 名 7 至 12 年级美洲印第安人-阿拉斯加原住民青少年。主要成果指标。 - 青少年健康调查的修订版，这是一份全面、匿名、自我报告的调查问卷，包含 162 个项目，涉及健康的 1 0 个维度。结果。 - 2% 的研究样本报告身体健康状况不佳，并且与身体和/或性虐待、自杀未遂、药物滥用、学习成绩不佳和营养不足等社会风险因素显着相关。受伤风险行为包括从不系安全带（44%）、酒后驾驶（10 至 12 年级学生中 37.9% 驾驶）以及与醉酒司机一起乘车（21.8%）。身体虐待和性虐待发生率分别为 10% 和 13%，到 12 年级时，有 23.9% 的女生报告身体虐待，21.6% 的女性报告性虐待。整个样本中近 6% 的人表示有严重情绪困扰的迹象。 11% 的受访青少年认识自杀者，17% 的青少年曾尝试自杀。 65% 的男性和 56.8% 的女性表示在 12 年级时曾发生过性行为。每周或更频繁饮酒的比例从七年级学生的 8.2% 上升到十二年级的 14.1%；对于男性来说，调查显示，到 12 年级时，经常饮酒的人每年增加 3% 至 5%，达到 27.3%。对于每个测量的变量，除首次性交年龄和饮酒情况外，美国印第安青少年的比率远高于明尼苏达州农村白人青少年的比率。结论。 - 美国印第安-阿拉斯加原住民青少年报告了与无意伤害、药物使用、不良自我评估健康状况、情绪困扰和自杀相关的危害健康行为和危险因素的比例很高。干预措施必须具有文化敏感性，承认印度人口的异质性，植根于促进健康的文化传统，并在相关社区的充分参与下制定。
Objective. - To assess risk behaviors, health problems, worries and concerns, and resiliency-promoting factors among American Indian-Alaska Native adolescents. Design. - Survey.Setting. - Nonurban schools from eight Indian Health Service areas.Participants. - A total of 13454 seventh-through 12th-grade American Indian-Alaska Native youths.Main Outcome Measures. - A revised version of the Adolescent Health Survey, a comprehensive, anonymous, self-report questionnaire with 162 items addressing 1 0 dimensions of health.Results. - Poor physical health was reported by 2% of the study sample and was significantly correlated with social risk factors of physical and/or sexual abuse, suicide attempts, substance abuse, poor school performance, and nutritional inadequacies. Injury risk behaviors included never wearing seatbelts (44%), drinking and driving (37.9% of driving 10th through 12th graders), and riding with a driver who had been drinking (21.8%). Physical and sexual abuse prevalence was 10% and 13%, respectively, with 23.9% of females reporting physical abuse and 21.6% of females reporting sexual abuse by the 12th grade. Almost 6% of the entire sample endorsed signs of severe emotional distress. Eleven percent of the teens surveyed knew someone who had killed himself or herself, and 17% had attempted suicide themselves. Sixty-five percent of males and 56.8% of females reported having had intercourse by the 12th grade. Weekly or more frequent alcohol use rose from 8.2% of seventh graders to 14.1% by the 12th grade; for males, the survey noted an increase in regular alcohol use of 3% to 5% a year to 27.3% by the 12th grade. For each variable measured, rates are much higher for American Indian adolescents than those for rural white Minnesota youth, except for age at first intercourse and alcohol use.Conclusions. - American Indian-Alaska Native adolescents reported high rates of health-compromising behaviors and risk factors related to unintentional injury, substance use, poor self-assessed health status, emotional distress, and suicide. Interventions must be culturally sensitive, acknowledge the heterogeneity of Indian populations, be grounded in cultural traditions that promote health, and be developed with full participation of the involved communities.