FURTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF ADIPOKINETIC AND HYPERGLYCEMIC FACTOR(S) OF STICK INSECTS
FURTHER CHARACTERISTICS OF ADIPOKINETIC AND HYPERGLYCEMIC FACTOR(S) OF STICK INSECTS
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DOI：
10.1016/0022-1910(80)90004-9
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
GADE, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GADE, G
给供体昆虫注射两种无翼杆状昆虫的心脏/唇小体提取物后，其血淋巴中的脂质浓度升高。脂质升高呈时间依赖性，在注射后90-180min达到最大值，并呈剂量依赖性。需要相当于0.001-0.002(桑黄)和0.01(黑果)的腺体，才能产生显著的增长；锦鸡儿提取物也能提高美洲大蠊血淋巴中碳水化合物的浓度。然而，这种作用很弱，即使在0.5腺体当量的剂量下也不能达到最大反应。Carausius幼虫CC/CA提取物中存在脂肪动力激素活性，1日龄2龄幼虫的活性约低30倍，而2龄幼虫的活性约低30倍。6龄初幼虫比成虫少5倍。在这两个阶段，激素水平都是从龄期开始到末期逐渐升高。在成体阶段没有观察到与年龄相关的变化。脂肪细胞的脂质动员因子的进一步研究。Morosus显示，它完全存储在CC内，而不存在于其他神经组织，如脑、CA、食道下神经节、胸腹索。该因子在100℃下至少热稳定1小时，与胰酶和外肽酶如羧肽酶A和亮氨酸氨基肽酶孵育后仍保持其脂肪运动活性。然而，当与热裂解酶和α-胰凝乳杆菌酶孵育时，活性被取消。从这些实验中可以看出，AKH与蝗虫AKH非常相似，AKH是一种被阻断的十肽。
When an extract of the corpora cardiaca/corpora allata from two species of wingless stick insects,Carausius morosusandCuniculina impigra, which cause no adipokinetic or hyperglycaemic effect when injected into the donor insects themselves, is injected into adultLocusta migratoriait resulted in an increase in the haemolymph lipid concentration. The lipid elevation was time dependent, with a maximum effect about 90–180 min after injection, and was also dose-dependent. About 0.001–0.002 (C. morosus) and 0.01 (C. impigra) gland equivalents were needed to produce a significant increase; a maximal effect was reached with approx. 0.075 (C. morosus) and 0.25 (C. impigra) gland equivalents.Carausiusextract was also able to elevate carbohydrate concentration in the haemolymph ofPeriplaneta americana. However, the effect was weak and no maximal response was reached even with a dose of 0.5 gland equivalents. Adipokinetic hormone activity was present in CC/CA extracts of larvalCarausius; the activity was about 30 times lower in 1-day-old 2nd instar individuals, and approx. 5 times less at the beginning of the 6th instar than that found in adults. In both stages the hormone levels increased gradually from the beginning to the end of the instar. No age-related changes were observed during the adult stage. Further studies on the lipid-mobilising factor ofC. morosusrevealed that it was stored entirely in the CC and not in other nervous tissue, e.g. brain, CA, suboesophageal ganglion, thoracic and abdominal cord. The factor was heat stable for at least 1 hr at 100°C and retained its adipokinetic activity after incubation with trypsin and the exopeptidases such as carboxypeptidase A and leucine aminopeptidase. However, activity was abolished when incubated with thermolysin and α-chymotrypsin. From these experiments a close resemblance to the locust AKH, a blocked decapeptide, is suggested.