Parental shame and guilt: Distinguishing emotional responses to a child's wrongdoings
Parental shame and guilt: Distinguishing emotional responses to a child's wrongdoings
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1475-6811.2009.01219.x
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Lickel, Brian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scarnier, Marchelle;Schmader, Toni;Lickel, Brian
这项研究将羞耻和内疚区分为美国父母对孩子的不良行为可能产生的不同情绪反应。在研究1中，当93名父母写下他们孩子最严重的违法行为时，他们对感知到的公开曝光和对自我形象的威胁的评分预示着羞耻，而他们感到对孩子缺乏控制的程度以及认为这种行为伤害了他人的程度预示着内疚。在研究2中，当123位母亲对想象中的错误行为进行评价时，一位批评的观察者的存在往往会提升她们的羞耻感，而不是负罪感。在这两项研究中，内疚预示着适应性的父母反应，而羞耻预示着不适应的父母反应。讨论强调了自我意识情绪对家庭动态的影响。
This research differentiates shame and guilt as distinct emotional reactions that parents in the United States can have for their children's misdeeds. In Study 1, when 93 parents wrote about their child's worst transgression, their ratings of perceived public exposure and threat to their self-image predicted shame, whereas the degree to which they felt a lack of control over their child and believed the act harmed others predicted guilt. In Study 2, when 123 mothers rated their reactions to an imagined wrongdoing, the presence of a critical observer tended to elevate shame but not guilt. Across both studies, guilt predicted adaptive parenting responses, whereas, shame predicted maladaptive responses. The discussion emphasizes the implications that self-conscious emotions have for family dynamics.