Dual Processing of R-Loops and Topoisomerase I Induces Transcription-Dependent DNA Double-Strand Breaks.

Dual Processing of R-Loops and Topoisomerase I Induces Transcription-Dependent DNA Double-Strand Breaks.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.041
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发表时间:
2019-09-17
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Sordet O
Sordet O
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cristini A;Ricci G;Britton S;Salimbeni S;Huang SN;Marinello J;Calsou P;Pommier Y;Favre G;Capranico G;Gromak N;Sordet O

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虽然静息细胞中DNA损伤和基因组不稳定性的积累可导致神经退行性疾病,但我们对转录如何产生DNA双链断裂(DSB)的理解是有限的。转录阻断拓扑异构酶I切割复合物(TOP1 ccs)是在非复制细胞中引发DSB产生的常见事件。在这里,我们报告了它们的形成机制,表明它们产生于两个附近的单链断裂(SSB)对相对的DNA链:一个SSB从删除转录阻断TOP1 ccs的TDP 1途径和其他从切割的R-环的内切核酸酶,包括XPF,XPG,和FEN 1。TOP1 cc去除(TDP 1,PNKP和XRCC 1)或R环解析(SETX)中的遗传缺陷会增强DSB的形成并阻止其修复。这些缺陷会导致神经系统疾病。由于高频率的TOP1 cc捕获和R环的广泛分布,这些持续的转录DSB可以随着时间的推移在神经元细胞中积累,从而导致神经退行性疾病。
Although accumulation of DNA damage and genomic instability in resting cells can cause neurodegenerative disorders, our understanding of how transcription produces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is limited. Transcription-blocking topoisomerase I cleavage complexes (TOP1ccs) are frequent events that prime DSB production in non-replicating cells. Here, we report a mechanism of their formation by showing that they arise from two nearby single-strand breaks (SSBs) on opposing DNA strands: one SSB from the removal of transcription-blocking TOP1ccs by the TDP1 pathway and the other from the cleavage of R-loops by endonucleases, including XPF, XPG, and FEN1. Genetic defects in TOP1cc removal (TDP1, PNKP, and XRCC1) or in the resolution of R-loops (SETX) enhance DSB formation and prevent their repair. Such deficiencies cause neurological disorders. Owing to the high frequency of TOP1cc trapping and the widespread distribution of R-loops, these persistent transcriptional DSBs could accumulate over time in neuronal cells, contributing to the neurodegenerative diseases.
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