THE VISUAL CELLS OF LAMPREYS*
THE VISUAL CELLS OF LAMPREYS*
复制标题
七鳃鳗的视觉细胞*
DOI：
10.1136/bjo.19.3.129
复制
发表时间：
1935
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
G. L. Walls
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. L. Walls
关于这些最原始的脊椎动物的视觉细胞的性质的问题已经争论了几十年。它特别需要一个最终的答案，因为它关系到杆和锥的起源优先问题。在后一种联系中，公认的理论认为视杆细胞是原始的视觉细胞，视锥细胞是其更复杂的衍生物，这一理论是由Mlax Schultze（1866，1867）提出的，并成为Ladd-Franklin夫人关于色觉的”遗传”理论和Parsons（1927）关于视觉分为”dycritic”和”epicritic”成分的分析的基础。严格地检查，舒尔茨的证据被视为根本没有证据;因为他错误地认为，不仅七鳃鳗和板鳃类，而且硬鳞鱼和原始硬骨鱼也有纯杆视网膜。同样，尽管色觉的复杂性显而易见，但与舒尔茨一起假设杆在生理上是更简单的元素（因此也是更古老的元素）也是不安全的;
The question of the nature of the visual cells of these most primitive of living vertebrates has been controversial for decades. It is especially in need of a final answer because of its bearing upon the problem of the priority of origin of the rod and cone. The accepted theory in this latter connection, holding that the rod is the primitive visual cell and that the cone is a more complex derivative thereof, was put forward by Mlax Schultze (1866, 1867) and has served as the basis of Mrs. Ladd-Franklin's" genetic" theory of colour-vision and of Parsons'(1927) analysis of the visual sense into" dyscritic" and" epicritic" components. Examined critically, Schultze's evidence is seen to be no evidence at all; for he mistalkenly believed that not only the lampreys and elasmobranchs, but also the ganoids and primitive teleostsl have pure-rod retinae. Again, it is scarcely safe to assume with Schultze thatthe rod isphysiologically the simpler element (and" therefore" the older), in spite of the apparent complexity of colour-vision; for not