Appropriate Sampling for Optimised Measurement (ASOM), rather than the Theory of Sampling (TOS) Approach, to Ensure Suitable Measurement Quality: A Refutation of Esbensen and Wagner (2014)
Appropriate Sampling for Optimised Measurement (ASOM), rather than the Theory of Sampling (TOS) Approach, to Ensure Suitable Measurement Quality: A Refutation of Esbensen and Wagner (2014)
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用于优化测量的适当抽样 (ASOM)，而不是抽样理论 (TOS) 方法，可确保适当的测量质量：对 Esbensen 和 Wagner 的反驳 (2014)
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发表时间：
2016
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通讯作者：
M. Ramsey
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作者：
M. Ramsey
“最优测量的适当抽样”(ASOM)方法将测量视为采样过程的重点，而采样只是测量过程的第一部分。为了实现ASOM，需要估计和优化测量的不确定度，包括其对采样的贡献，以实现合乎目的。这样的样本就具有“足够的”代表性。“抽样理论”(TOS)侧重于初级抽样和样品制备的过程，并假定如果样品是按照名义上“正确”的方案正确制备的，那么它们就是“有代表性的”。它定义了大约10个抽样“误差”，这些误差要么被建模，要么被最小化以提高抽样质量。有人认为，在实现适当的测量质量方面，ASOM方法比仅将TOS应用于测量过程的第一部分更有效。由于两种方法的目标、范围、术语和假设的不同，这种比较的有效性较低。ASM可以应用于变量太大而无法准确建模的现场材料，或者不确定源未被怀疑的现场材料。因此，拟议的ATOM与TOS的整合(Esbensen和Wagner 2014，分析化学趋势，57，93-106)实际上是不可能的。然而，一些TOS程序在ASOM方法中可能是有用的。
The ‘Appropriate Sampling for Optimised Measurement’ (ASOM) approach considers measurement to be the focus of the sampling process, and sampling to be only the first part of the measurement process. To achieve ASOM, the uncertainty of measurements, including its contribution from sampling, needs to be estimated and optimised in order to achieve fitness‐for‐purpose. Such samples are then ‘sufficiently’ representative. The ‘Theory of Sampling’ (TOS) focuses on the processes of primary sampling and sample preparation and assumes that samples are ‘representative’ if they are correctly prepared by nominally ‘correct’ protocols. It defines around ten sampling ‘errors’, which are either modelled or minimised to improve sampling quality. It is argued that the ASOM approach is more effective in achieving appropriate measurement quality than in applying TOS to just the first part of the measurement process. The comparison is made less effective by the different objectives, scopes, terminology and assumptions of the two approaches. ASOM can be applied to in situ materials that are too variable to be modelled accurately, or where sources of uncertainty are unsuspected. The proposed integration of ASOM with TOS (Esbensen and Wagner 2014, Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 57, 93–106) is therefore effectively impossible. However, some TOS procedures can be useful within the ASOM approach.