Advantages of toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic modelling in aquatic ecotoxicology and risk assessment
Advantages of toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic modelling in aquatic ecotoxicology and risk assessment
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DOI：
10.1039/c0em00234h
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Escher, Beate I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ashauer, Roman;Escher, Beate I.
毒代动力学-毒代动力学（TK-TD）模型模拟了随着时间的推移导致生物体毒性的过程。这些动态模拟模型量化了毒性，但更重要的是，它们还提供了一个概念框架，以更好地了解不同物种对同一化合物的敏感性差异的原因，以及不同化合物对同一物种的不同毒性的原因。因此，TK-TD模型为非常多样化的生态毒理学问题带来了优势，因为它们可以解决两个主要挑战：大量可能受到影响的物种和大量令人关注的化学品。TK-TD模型的第一个重要好处是，它们可以发挥作用，使有关化合物毒性、生物体敏感性、生物体恢复时间和残留毒性的既定知识正规化。TK-TD模型的第二个重要方面是它们能够模拟毒性的时间方面，这使它们成为评估波动或脉冲暴露于污染物的风险的极好的外推工具。我们为环境科学家提供了TK-TD建模概念的一般介绍，并讨论了机会以及当前的限制。
Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TK-TD) models simulate the processes that lead to toxicity at the level of organisms over time. These dynamic simulation models quantify toxicity, but more importantly they also provide a conceptual framework to better understand the causes for variability in different species' sensitivity to the same compound as well as causes for different toxicity of different compounds to the same species. Thus TK-TD models bring advantages for very diverse ecotoxicological questions as they can address two major challenges: the large number of species that are potentially affected and the large number of chemicals of concern. The first important benefit of TK-TD models is the role that they can play to formalize established knowledge about toxicity of compounds, sensitivity of organisms, organism recovery times and carry-over toxicity. The second important aspect of TK-TD models is their ability to simulate temporal aspects of toxicity which makes them excellent extrapolation tools for risk assessment of fluctuating or pulsed exposures to pollutants. We provide a general introduction to the concept of TK-TD modelling for environmental scientists and discuss opportunities as well as current limitations.