Aging effects on discourse production
Aging effects on discourse production
复制标题
老龄化对话语产生的影响
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Wright
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stephen Kintz;G. Fergadiotis;H. Wright
话语被定义为任何“超越孤立句子边界”的语言（Ultowska & Olness，2004，第300页），它允许人们一起做事情;互相取笑，建立事物，分享感受，并为未来制定计划。然而，话语所需要的不仅仅是产生一个连续的语言元素流。语篇生成既需要传统上与语言学领域相关的句内（即微语言学）元素和过程（例如音素和句法），也需要句间元素和过程来生成连贯的信息。在这一章中，我们将重点关注微观和宏观语言过程之间的微妙平衡是如何随着人们年龄的增长而变化并在话语中保持的。为此，我们首先回顾了语篇的互动建构模式。接下来，我们将回顾老龄化研究中的微观和宏观语言过程。对于微语言学，我们关注词汇多样性，它可以被定义为一个人在话语样本中使用的词汇范围。对于宏观语言学过程，我们关注的是连贯性，它可以被定义为话语是如何连接和组织的，超越了句子的语法。对于词汇多样性和连贯性，我们回顾了常见的分析技术，随着年龄的增长，这些过程发生了什么，以及支撑话语这些方面的认知和语言系统。最后，我们总结了本章突出的词汇多样性和连贯性的研究，是很重要的理解话语，随着人们的年龄未来的研究领域。
Discourse is defined as any language “beyond the boundaries of isolated sentences” (Ultowska & Olness, 2004, p. 300), and it allows people to do things together; tease each other, build things, share feelings, and make plans for the future. Yet discourse requires more than simply generating a continuous stream of linguistic elements. Discourse production requires both within-sentence (i.e. microlinguistic) elements and processes that are traditionally associated with the field of linguistics (e.g. phonemes & syntax) as well as between-sentence elements and processes to produce a coherent message. In this chapter, we focus on how this delicate balance between micro- and macrolinguistic processes change and are maintained within discourse as people age. To do this, we initially review the interactive-construction model of discourse. Next, we review micro- and macrolinguistic processes within aging research. For microlinguistic, we focus on lexical diversity, which can be defined as the range of vocabulary used by a person within a discourse sample. For the macrolinguistic process, we focus on coherence, which can be defined as how discourse is connected and organized beyond the grammar of a sentence. For both lexical diversity and coherence, we review common analysis techniques, what occurs to these processes as we age, and the cognitive and linguistic systems that underpin these aspects of discourse. Finally, we conclude the chapter by highlighting areas of future research within lexical diversity and coherence research that are important to understanding discourse as people age.