Regulation of cell-cell adhesion by the cadherin-catenin complex
Regulation of cell-cell adhesion by the cadherin-catenin complex
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DOI：
10.1042/bst0360149
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Nelson, W. James
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson, W. James
Ca 2+依赖性细胞间粘附受细胞粘附蛋白的钙粘蛋白家族调节。钙粘蛋白在相对的细胞表面上形成反式相互作用，这导致弱的细胞-细胞粘附。通过钙粘蛋白的聚集和肌动蛋白细胞骨架组织的变化，细胞与细胞之间的粘附更强。虽然钙粘蛋白被认为是直接结合到肌动蛋白的细胞骨架通过细胞质蛋白，称为α-和β-连环蛋白，最近的研究与纯化的蛋白质表明，相互作用是不直接的，而是在α-连环蛋白的变构开关可能介导肌动蛋白细胞骨架重组。钙粘蛋白-连环蛋白复合物的组织和功能还受到磷酸化和内吞作用的调节。细胞间粘附的直接研究表明，钙粘蛋白-连环蛋白复合物和底层肌动蛋白细胞骨架经历一系列重组，这些重组由Rho GTP酶、Rac 1和RhoA控制，导致细胞间粘附的扩展和完成。在这篇文章中，在钙粘蛋白-连环蛋白复合物和肌动蛋白细胞骨架如何调节细胞-细胞粘附的背景下，讨论了从头细胞-细胞粘附的体外蛋白质组装研究和活细胞研究。
Ca2+-dependent cell-cell adhesion is regulated by the cadherin family of cell adhesion proteins. Cadherins form trans-interactions on opposing cell surfaces which result in weak cell-cell adhesion. Stronger cell-cell adhesion occurs by clustering of cadherins and through changes in the organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Although cadherins were thought to bind directly to the actin cytoskeleton through cytoplasmic proteins, termed alpha- and beta-catenin, recent studies with purified proteins indicate that the interaction is not direct, and instead an allosteric switch in alpha-catenin may mediate actin cytoskeleton reorganization. Organization and function of the cadherin-catenin complex are additionally regulated by phosphorylation and endocytosis. Direct studies of cell-cell adhesion has revealed that the cadherin-catenin complex and the underlying actin cytoskeleton undergo a series of reorganizations that are controlled by the Rho GTPases, Rac1 and RhoA, that result in the expansion and completion of cell-cell adhesion. in the present article, in vitro protein assembly studies and live-cell studies of de novo cell-cell adhesion are discussed in the context of how the cadherin-catenin complex and the actin cytoskeleton regulate cell-cell adhesion.