Tracers of air-sea gas exchange
Tracers of air-sea gas exchange
复制标题
气海气体交换示踪剂
DOI：
10.1098/rsta.1988.0045
复制
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Liss
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Liss
通过海气界面的气体通量由驱动交换的界面浓度差和通常称为传递速度的速率常数的乘积决定。浓度差项通常通过直接测量获得，而更多的间接方法需要估计传输速度及其作为控制参数（如风和海况）的函数。放射性示踪剂已被证明在估计海气转移速度方面特别有用，最近，稳定的有目的的示踪剂也已开始使用。本文讨论了使用下列示踪剂来测定海面上的传递速度：天然的和核弹产生的14C、溶解氧、222Rn和六氟化硫。其他涉及的主题包括从示踪剂和风洞研究中推断出的传输速度和风速之间的关系，以及使用示踪剂和大气中涡流相关测量确定的传输速度之间的差异。
The flux of gas across the air-sea interface is determined by the product of the interfacial concentration difference driving the exchange and a rate constant, often termed the transfer velocity. The concentration-difference term is generally obtained by direct measurement, whereas more indirect approaches are required to estimate the transfer velocity and its variation as a function of controlling parameters such as wind and sea state. Radioactive tracers have proved particularly useful in the estimation of air-sea transfer velocities and, recently, stable purposeful tracers have also started to be used. In this paper the use of the following tracers to determine transfer velocities at the sea surface is discussed: natural and bomb-produced 14C, dissolved oxygen, 222Rn and sulphur hexafluoride. Other topics covered include the relation between transfer velocity and wind speed as deduced from tracer and wind-tunnel studies, and the discrepancy between transfer velocities determined by using tracers and from eddy correlation measurements in the atmosphere.