Targeting Ceramides and Adiponectin Receptors in the Islet of Langerhans for Treating Diabetes.
Targeting Ceramides and Adiponectin Receptors in the Islet of Langerhans for Treating Diabetes.
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DOI：
10.3390/molecules27186117
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发表时间：
2022-09-19
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神经酰胺属于鞘脂家族，代表鞘脂网络的中心枢纽。在肥胖症中，包括棕榈酸在内的饱和脂肪酸的过量供应会提高神经酰胺水平，这对细胞有害。神经酰胺升高会导致胰岛素抵抗、内质网应激和线粒体功能障碍。过去几十年的研究强调了神经酰胺在胰岛 β 细胞凋亡中的作用，特别是在糖脂毒性和炎症条件下。本综述重点关注神经酰胺和脂联素受体信号传导，总结了我们对其在胰岛 β 细胞中的作用的理解以及脂联素受体锌依赖性脂质水解酶（神经酰胺酶）活性的发现的最新进展。讨论了针对这些事件预防胰岛 β 细胞损失来治疗糖尿病的治疗潜力。
Ceramides belong to the sphingolipid family and represent the central hub of the sphingolipid network. In obesity, oversupply of saturated fatty acids including palmitate raises ceramide levels which can be detrimental to cells. Elevated ceramides can cause insulin resistance, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Studies over the last few decades have highlighted the role played by ceramides in pancreatic islet β-cell apoptosis, especially under glucolipotoxic and inflammatory conditions. This review focuses on ceramides and adiponectin receptor signaling, summarizing recent advancements in our understanding of their roles in islet β-cells and the discovery of zinc-dependent lipid hydrolase (ceramidase) activity of adiponectin receptors. The therapeutic potential of targeting these events to prevent islet β-cell loss for treating diabetes is discussed.