An Experimental Space for Conducting Controlled Driving Behavior Studies based on a Multiuser Networked 3D Virtual Environment and the Scenario Markup Language
An Experimental Space for Conducting Controlled Driving Behavior Studies based on a Multiuser Networked 3D Virtual Environment and the Scenario Markup Language
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DOI：
10.1109/tsmc.2013.2265876
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发表时间：
2013-06
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Kugamoorthy Gajananan;A. Nantes;Marc Miska;A. Nakasone;H. Prendinger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kugamoorthy Gajananan;A. Nantes;Marc Miska;A. Nakasone;H. Prendinger
我们提出了一个新的框架进行控制驾驶行为的研究，基于多用户网络的3-D虚拟环境。该框架支持：1）多用户沉浸式驾驶的模拟; 2）周围交通的可视化; 3）可再现交通场景的规范和创建;以及4）有意义的驾驶行为数据的收集。我们使用我们的框架来调查的“rubbernecking”现象，这是指由于在道路的对面发生事故的司机减速，以及它对以下司机的影响。本文的主要贡献是场景标记语言（SML）框架，该框架包括：1）SML作为一种实用工具来指定动态交通情况（例如，事故）和2）情景控制系统，以确保特定的交通情况的再现性，使交通工程师可以获得可比的数据，并得出有效的结论。为了证明我们的框架的有效性，我们指定的交通事故场景SML和进行了研究的橡胶缩颈现象。我们从两个角度报告我们的研究结果：1）交通事故情况的再现性（即，感兴趣的状态变量在78%的情况下被成功地重新创建）;以及2）嵌入虚拟环境的交通状况中的人类主体的交互式车辆跟随行为。
We present a new framework for conducting controlled driving behavior studies based on multiuser networked 3-D virtual environments. The framework supports: 1) the simulation of multiuser immersive driving; 2) the visualization of surrounding traffic; 3) the specification and creation of reproducible traffic scenarios; and 4) the collection of meaningful driving behavior data. We use our framework to investigate the “rubbernecking” phenomenon, which refers to the slowing down of a driver due to an accident on the opposite side of the road, and its effect on the following drivers. The main contribution of the paper is the Scenario Markup Language (SML) framework, which is composed of: 1) the SML as a practical tool to specify dynamic traffic situations (e.g., an accident) and 2) the Scenario Control System to ensure the reproducibility of particular traffic situations, so that traffic engineers can obtain comparable data and draw valid conclusions. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework, we specified the traffic accident scenario in SML and conducted a study about the rubbernecking phenomenon. We report on the results of our study from two viewpoints: 1) the reproducibility of the traffic accident situation (i.e., state variables of interest are recreated successfully in 78% of the cases); and 2) the interactive car-following behavior of human subjects embedded in the traffic situation of the virtual environment.