Changing community behaviour: experience from three African countries
Changing community behaviour: experience from three African countries
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DOI：
10.1080/0960312031000102877
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Quick, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Quick, R
在发展中国家，超过10亿人无法获得安全用水。为了解决这个问题，美国疾病控制和预防中心开发了安全用水系统（SWS），这是一种基于家庭的干预措施，包含三个要素：水消毒、安全储存和行为改变技术，并在三个国家进行了测试。在赞比亚，我们使用社会营销（SM）来实施SWS，并随机抽取100个家庭进行动机访谈（MI）。在马达加斯加，通过SM和社区动员（CM）实施了SWS。在肯尼亚西部农村，SWS也通过SM和CM实施。在赞比亚，在SM项目启动3个月后，仅SM组中有14%的家庭采用了消毒剂，而SM加MI组中有78%的家庭采用了消毒剂。通过SM，赞比亚在3年内销售了超过100万瓶消毒液。在马达加斯加的塔那那利佛，在推出水消毒剂6个月后，8%的家庭在消毒过程的早期阶段使用消毒剂，而在消毒过程的后期阶段，这一比例为20%。在一年中，马达加斯加售出了50多万瓶消毒液。在肯尼亚，60%以上的干预家庭采用了水消毒剂，儿童腹泻率下降了58%
In the developing world, more than I billion people lack access to safe water. To address this problem, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed the Safe Water System (SWS), a household-based intervention with three elements: water disinfection, safe storage and behaviour change techniques, and tested these in three countries. In Zambia, social marketing (SM) was used to implement the SWS, and 100 randomly selected households also received motivational interviewing (MI). In Madagascar, the SWS was implemented using SM and community mobilisation (CM). In rural Western Kenya, the SWS was also implemented with SM and CM. In Zambia, 3 months after the SM project launch, 14% of households in the SM-only group had adopted the disinfectant compared with 78% of households in the SM plus MI group. Through SM, over I million bottles of disinfectant were sold in 3 years in Zambia. In Antananarivo, Madagascar, 6 months after launch of the water disinfectant, 8% of households in an early stage of the CM process were using the disinfectant compared with 20% in households at a late stage of the CM process. In I year, over 500,000 bottles of disinfectant were sold in Madagascar. In Kenya, adoption of the water disinfectant exceeded 60% in intervention households and diarrhoea rates decreased by 58% in children