An aluminum shield enables the amphipod Hirondellea gigas to inhabit deep-sea environments
An aluminum shield enables the amphipod Hirondellea gigas to inhabit deep-sea environments
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0206710
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发表时间：
2019-04-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Takami, Hideto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kobayashi, Hideki;Shimoshige, Hirokazu;Takami, Hideto
片足类动物Hirondellea gigas栖息在极端高压条件下的海洋最深处。然而，这种片脚类动物适应高压环境的机制仍然未知。在这项研究中，我们调查了H。从马里亚纳海沟最深处捕获的巨型标本。螺杆巨型海牛的外骨骼含有铝，以及大量的碳酸钙。与其他（积累的）金属不同，铝分布在外骨骼的表面。探讨H. gigas获得铝，我们进行了代谢组学分析，发现葡萄糖酸/葡内酯能够提取金属沉积物中的H.千兆。提取的铝离子在碱性海水中转化为氢氧化铝的凝胶状态，这种凝胶覆盖在身体上以保护端足类动物。这种铝凝胶是适应这种高压环境的良好材料。
The amphipod Hirondellea gigas inhabits the deepest regions of the oceans in extreme high-pressure conditions. However, the mechanisms by which this amphipod adapts to its high-pressure environment remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the elemental content of the exoskeleton of H. gigas specimens captured from the deepest points of the Mariana Trench. The H. gigas exoskeleton contained aluminum, as well as a major amount of calcium carbonate. Unlike other (accumulated) metals, aluminum was distributed on the surface of the exoskeleton. To investigate how H. gigas obtains aluminum, we conducted a metabolome analysis and found that gluconic acid/gluconolactone was capable of extracting metals from the sediment under the habitat conditions of H. gigas. The extracted aluminum ions are transformed into the gel state of aluminum hydroxide in alkaline seawater, and this gel covers the body to protect the amphipod. This aluminum gel is a good material for adaptation to such high-pressure environments.