Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory
Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1015950108
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发表时间：
2011-02-15
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kramer, Arthur F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Erickson, Kirk I.;Voss, Michelle W.;Kramer, Arthur F.
海马体在成年后期萎缩，导致记忆受损，患痴呆症的风险增加。高健康水平的成年人海马和内侧颞叶体积更大，体育活动训练增加海马灌注，但有氧运动训练能在多大程度上改变成年后期的海马体积尚不清楚。我们在120名老年人的随机对照试验中表明，有氧运动训练增加了前海马体的大小，从而改善了空间记忆。运动训练使海马体积增加2%，有效地逆转了年龄相关的体积损失1至2个百分点。我们还证明，海马体积增加与更高的血清BDNF水平有关，BDNF是齿状回神经发生的中介。对照组海马体积下降，但较高的干预前健身在一定程度上减轻了这种下降，表明健身可以防止体积损失。尾状核和丘脑体积未受干预影响。这些理论上重要的发现表明，有氧运动训练可以有效地逆转成年后期的海马体积损失，并伴随着记忆功能的改善。
The hippocampus shrinks in late adulthood, leading to impaired memory and increased risk for dementia. Hippocampal and medial temporal lobe volumes are larger in higher-fit adults, and physical activity training increases hippocampal perfusion, but the extent to which aerobic exercise training can modify hippocampal volume in late adulthood remains unknown. Here we show, in a randomized controlled trial with 120 older adults, that aerobic exercise training increases the size of the anterior hippocampus, leading to improvements in spatial memory. Exercise training increased hippocampal volume by 2%, effectively reversing age-related loss in volume by 1 to 2 y. We also demonstrate that increased hippocampal volume is associated with greater serum levels of BDNF, a mediator of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. Hippocampal volume declined in the control group, but higher preintervention fitness partially attenuated the decline, suggesting that fitness protects against volume loss. Caudate nucleus and thalamus volumes were unaffected by the intervention. These theoretically important findings indicate that aerobic exercise training is effective at reversing hippocampal volume loss in late adulthood, which is accompanied by improved memory function.