Mismatch repair proteins, meiosis, and mice: understanding the complexities of mammalian meiosis.
Mismatch repair proteins, meiosis, and mice: understanding the complexities of mammalian meiosis.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.03.020
复制
发表时间：
2004-05
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
A. Svetlanov;P. Cohen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Svetlanov;P. Cohen
哺乳动物的减数分裂在几个方面与低等真核生物的减数分裂不同，其中最重要的是处理更大基因组中染色体相互作用的额外复杂性（酿酒酵母中16对染色体上有12 MB，而小鼠中19对常染色体上有2500 MB）。小家鼠）。因此，重组机制虽然在真核生物中高度保守，但已经进化为适应这些问题，以保持基因组完整性并确保物种的繁殖。一组高度保守的减数分裂调节因子是DNA错配修复蛋白家族，正如其名称所暗示的，其首先被鉴定为主要在DNA复制期间起作用以修复DNA错配的蛋白质。它们在确保染色体完整性方面的功能也转化为该家族在大多数有性生殖生物的减数分裂重组中的关键作用。在小鼠中，某些家族成员的靶向缺失导致减数分裂进展和不育的严重后果。本文将重点介绍涉及这些突变小鼠模型的研究，偶尔比较这些蛋白质在其他生物体中的功能。
Mammalian meiosis differs from that seen in lower eukaryotes in several respects, not least of which is the added complexity of dealing with chromosomal interactions across a much larger genome (12 MB over 16 chromosome pairs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared to 2500 MB over 19 autosome pairs in Mus musculus). Thus, the recombination machinery, while being highly conserved through eukaryotes, has evolved to accommodate such issues to preserve genome integrity and to ensure propagation of the species. One group of highly conserved meiotic regulators is the DNA mismatch repair protein family that, as their name implies, were first identified as proteins that act to repair DNA mismatches that arise primarily during DNA replication. Their function in ensuring chromosomal integrity has also translated into a critical role for this family in meiotic recombination in most sexually reproducing organisms. In mice, targeted deletion of certain family members results in severe consequences for meiotic progression and infertility. This review will focus on the studies involving these mutant mouse models, with occasional comparison to the function of these proteins in other organisms.