Natural regeneration as a tool for large-scale forest restoration in the tropics: prospects and challenges
Natural regeneration as a tool for large-scale forest restoration in the tropics: prospects and challenges
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DOI：
10.1111/btp.12381
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发表时间：
2016-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Guariguata, Manuel R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chazdon, Robin L.;Guariguata, Manuel R.
为了实现雄心勃勃的森林和景观恢复目标，需要作出重大的全球努力，以实现具有成本效益的自然再生。天然林再生可在热带地区大规模景观恢复中发挥重要作用。在这里，我们专注于有利于热带森林景观自然再生的条件。我们举例说明了大规模的自然再生森林清除和非森林土地利用的情况下，并描述了社会和生态因素，推动这些当地的森林过渡。创造自然再生森林和人造林自然再生的自我组织过程促进了当地的遗传适应，培育了具有已知传统用途的本地物种，创造了空间和时间的异质性，并维持了当地的生物多样性和生物相互作用。这些特征赋予生态系统更大的复原力，以应对未来的冲击和干扰。我们讨论经济，社会和法律的问题，挑战自然再生的热带景观。最后，我们建议的方式，使自然再生成为一个有效的工具，实施大规模的森林和景观恢复。主要的研究和政策优先事项包括：确定和模拟自然再生是一个可行的和有利的土地利用选择的生态和经济条件，制定监测协议，自然再生，可以由当地社区进行，并制定有利的激励措施，治理结构和监管条件，促进自然再生森林的管理。将恢复目标和实践与自然再生相结合，可以以最小的成本实现最佳的结果，从而实现多种社会和环境效益。葡萄牙语摘要可在在线材料中找到。
A major global effort to enable cost-effective natural regeneration is needed to achieve ambitious forest and landscape restoration goals. Natural forest regeneration can potentially play a major role in large-scale landscape restoration in tropical regions. Here, we focus on the conditions that favor natural regeneration within tropical forest landscapes. We illustrate cases where large-scale natural regeneration followed forest clearing and non-forest land use, and describe the social and ecological factors that drove these local forest transitions. The self-organizing processes that create naturally regenerating forests and natural regeneration in planted forests promote local genetic adaptation, foster native species with known traditional uses, create spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and sustain local biodiversity and biotic interactions. These features confer greater ecosystem resilience in the face of future shocks and disturbances. We discuss economic, social, and legal issues that challenge natural regeneration in tropical landscapes. We conclude by suggesting ways to enable natural regeneration to become an effective tool for implementing large-scale forest and landscape restoration. Major research and policy priorities include: identifying and modeling the ecological and economic conditions where natural regeneration is a viable and favorable land-use option, developing monitoring protocols for natural regeneration that can be carried out by local communities, and developing enabling incentives, governance structures, and regulatory conditions that promote the stewardship of naturally regenerating forests. Aligning restoration goals and practices with natural regeneration can achieve the best possible outcome for achieving multiple social and environmental benefits at minimal cost.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.