Timing of fluoride intake and dental fluorosis on late-erupting permanent teeth.
Timing of fluoride intake and dental fluorosis on late-erupting permanent teeth.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/cdoe.12187
复制
发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Warren JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bhagavatula P;Levy SM;Broffitt B;Weber-Gasparoni K;Warren JJ
很少有研究使用特定时期的氟化物摄入信息来检查摄入氟的时间与晚出恒牙氟斑牙的发展之间的关系。本研究使用来自爱荷华氟化物研究的纵向氟化物摄入量信息来检验这种关系。从出生到48个月，每隔3个月和4个月，每隔6个月向父母发送一次问卷，收集参与者从水、饮料、选定食品、膳食氟化物补充剂和含氟牙膏中摄入氟化物的情况和摄入量（从出生到10岁）。三名经过培训和校准的检查员使用氟中毒风险指数（FRI）类别评估465名研究参与者中的16颗晚出牙。如果牙齿上的任何一个区域的FRI得分为2或3，则该牙齿被定义为患有明确的氟中毒。有可疑氟中毒的参与者被排除在分析之外。采用描述性和逻辑回归分析来评估不同时期氟化物摄入的重要性。研究人群中大多数氟牙症是轻度的，只有4名受试者（1%）患有重度氟牙症（FRI评分为3）。氟斑牙的总患病率为27.8%。Logistic回归分析显示，从2岁到8岁的每一年的氟化物摄入量在决定大多数晚出恒牙氟斑牙的风险方面起着重要作用。晚期恒牙氟中毒与6岁时的氟化物摄入关系最为密切。晚出牙可能在2岁至8岁的较长时期内易患氟中毒。虽然在视觉上不如上颌中门牙突出，但有些长得晚的牙齿在美学上很重要，在建议氟化物摄入剂量时应考虑到这一点。
Very few studies have examined the relationship between timing of fluoride intake and development of dental fluorosis on late-erupting permanent teeth using period-specific fluoride intake information. This study examined this relationship using longitudinal fluoride intake information from the Iowa Fluoride Study. Participants’ fluoride exposure and intake (birth to 10 years) from water, beverages, selected food products, dietary fluoride supplements and fluoride toothpaste was collected using questionnaires sent to parents at 3- and 4- month intervals from birth to age 48 months, and every six months thereafter. Three trained and calibrated examiners used the Fluorosis Risk Index (FRI) categories to assess 16 late-erupting teeth among 465 study participants. A tooth was defined as having definitive fluorosis if any of the zones on that tooth had an FRI score of 2 or 3. Participants with questionable fluorosis were excluded from analyses. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the importance of fluoride intake during different time periods. Most dental fluorosis in the study population was mild, with only 4 subjects (1%) having severe fluorosis (FRI Score 3). The overall prevalence of dental fluorosis was 27.8%. Logistic regression analyses showed that fluoride intake from each of the individual years from age 2 to 8 years plays an important role in determining the risk of dental fluorosis for most late-erupting permanent teeth. The strongest association for fluorosis on the late-erupting permanent teeth was with fluoride intake during the sixth year of life. Late-erupting teeth may be susceptible to fluorosis for an extended period from about age 2 to 8 years. Although not as visually prominent as the maxillary central incisors, some of the late-erupting teeth are esthetically important and this should be taken into consideration when making recommendations about dosing of fluoride intake.