Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.
Response Times to Gustatory-Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Role of Congruence.
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对味觉嗅觉混合物的响应时间：一致性的作用。
DOI：
10.1093/chemse/bjv042
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Marks,LawrenceE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shepard,TimothyG;Veldhuizen,MariaG;Marks,LawrenceE
感知一致的味觉和嗅觉香料（蔗糖和柠檬醛）的混合物先前被证明是检测速度比预测的概率求和模型，假设随机独立处理的个人味觉和嗅觉信号。该结果表明信号的实质性整合。大量整合是否也表征了对不一致调味剂混合物的反应？在这里，我们报告简单的响应时间（RT），以检测3种可能的调味剂的短暂脉冲：谷氨酸盐，味精（味觉：“鲜味”质量），柠檬醛（嗅觉：柑橘质量），味精和柠檬醛的混合物（味觉-嗅觉）。每种刺激（以及一部分试验中的水）通过计算机操作的自动流动系统口头呈现，受试者被指示在检测到3种非水刺激中的任何一种时按下按钮。与先前发现的蔗糖和柠檬醛的全等混合物的反应不同，这里对味精和柠檬醛的不全等混合物的反应需要更长的时间（RT更大），并且显示出比概率求和预测的值更低的检测率。这一结果表明，味觉和嗅觉的味道信号的整合是不太广泛的成分时，感觉不一致，而不是一致的，也许是因为不一致的味道是不太熟悉。
A mixture of perceptually congruent gustatory and olfactory flavorants (sucrose and citral) was previously shown to be detected faster than predicted by a model of probability summation that assumes stochastically independent processing of the individual gustatory and olfactory signals. This outcome suggests substantial integration of the signals. Does substantial integration also characterize responses to mixtures of incongruent flavorants? Here, we report simple response times (RTs) to detect brief pulses of 3 possible flavorants: monosodium glutamate, MSG (gustatory: “umami” quality), citral (olfactory: citrus quality), and a mixture of MSG and citral (gustatory–olfactory). Each stimulus (and, on a fraction of trials, water) was presented orally through a computer-operated, automated flow system, and subjects were instructed to press a button as soon as they detected any of the 3 non-water stimuli. Unlike responses previously found to the congruent mixture of sucrose and citral, responses here to the incongruent mixture of MSG and citral took significantly longer (RTs were greater) and showed lower detection rates than the values predicted by probability summation. This outcome suggests that the integration of gustatory and olfactory flavor signals is less extensive when the component flavors are perceptually incongruent rather than congruent, perhaps because incongruent flavors are less familiar.